تأسيس شركت دانش بنيان در حوزه علوم ورزشي: مدلي با رويكرد آميخته

Establishing a Knowledge-based Company in the Field of Sports Science: A Model With Mixed Approach

ﻫﺪف، ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﺪل ﺗﺄﺳﯿﺲ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ داﻧﺶ ﺑﻨﯿﺎن در ﺣﻮزه ﻋﻠﻮم ورزﺷﯽ ﺑﻮد. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮدي آﻣﯿﺨﺘﻪ )ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و ﮐﻤﯽ( اﺳﺖ. در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﻋﻀﺎي ﻫﯿﺄت ﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ورزﺷﯽ)7 ﻧﻔﺮ(، ﻣﺘﻦ و ﻓﯿﻠﻢ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ داﻧﺶ ﺑﻨﯿﺎن)7 ﺳﻨﺪ( ﺑﻮد. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺪف ﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﻮد و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ روﯾﮑﺮد ﻏﯿﺮ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ آن ﺗﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اي اداﻣﻪ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺷﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮي رﺳﯿﺪﯾﻢ. در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤﯽ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ ﻋﻠﻮم ورزﺷﯽ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ 110 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ از اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي داده ﺑﻨﯿﺎد ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺮار MAXQDA در ﺳﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﺪ ﮔﺬاري ﺑﺎز، ﮐﺪ ﮔﺬاري ﻣﺤﻮري و ﮐﺪ ﮔﺬاري اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤﯽ از ﻣﺪل ﺳﺎزي ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري )SEM( ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد روش ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺎت ﺟﺰﺋﯽ )PLS( و ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار Smart PLS2 اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ي اﺷﺒﺎع در ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ي ﮐﯿﻔﯽ اﯾﺠﺎد63 ﮐﺪ اوﻟﯿﻪ، 6 ﺑﻌﺪ )ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ، ﭘﯿﺸﺮان ﻫﺎ، ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ورزش، ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ ورزش، ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ ورزﺷﯽ داﻧﺶ ﺑﻨﯿﺎن و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ( و 1 ﮐﺪ ﻣﺤﻮري ) ﺗﺄﺳﯿﺲ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ داﻧﺶ ﺑﻨﯿﺎن ورزﺷﯽ( ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع 127 ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﮐﻠﯽ و 106 ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﮑﯿﮏ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ را دارﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺪه در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﻤﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻣﺪل اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺟﻬﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎن ورزﺷﯽ ﺑﺮاي ورود ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮزه ﺗﺄﺳﯿﺲ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ داﻧﺶ ﺑﻨﯿﺎن راه ﮔﺸﺎ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد.

The purpose of this study was establishing a knowledge-based company in the field of sports science. This study was Practical with mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative). The Sample in the qualitative section was including the members of the faculty of sports management (7 people), the text and film related to Knowledge Foundation (7 documents). Sampling method was purposeful and Due to its unpredictable approach, it proceeded to a point where we reached a theoretical saturation. In the quantitative section, the statistical society included graduate students in sport science and Purposefully 110 people were selected as samples. in the qualitative section we are using the Grounded Theory Strategy with MAXQDA software in three sections: open coding, axial encoding and selective encoding. We are using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the approach of partial least square method (PLS) and Smart PLS software. The results showed that the saturation point varies in the qualitative sample of 63 initial codes, 6 dimensions (barriers, drivers, sports industry capacities, sports entrepreneurship sectors, knowledge-based sports entrepreneurship, outcomes), and one core code (establishing a sports knowledge-based company) and There are 127 total abundances and 106 abnormalities of interviewing. Also the hypotheses identified in the qualitative section were quantitatively confirmed. The model of this research will be used by sports entrepreneurs to enter the establishing a knowledge-based company.