تأثير دو شدت تمرين تناوبي بر بيان ژن‌هاي MyoD و Pax7 عضلۀ نعلي رت‌هاي مبتلا به انفاركتوس ميوكارد

The Effect of Two Intensities of Interval Training on Gene Expression of MyoD and Pax7 in Soleus Muscle of Myocardial Infarcted Wistar Rats

اﻧﻔﺎرﮐﺘﻮس ﻣﯿﻮﮐﺎرد ﺑﯿﻤﺎرياي اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻼوهﺑﺮ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻗﻠﺒﯽ-ﻋﺮوﻗﯽ، دﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﺪن، از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻀﻼت اﺳﮑﻠﺘﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﯽﮔﺬارد. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﻫﺪف از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﮥ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ دو ﻧﻮع ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت ﮐﻢ و ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت زﯾﺎد ﺑﺮ ﺑﯿﺎن ژن MyoD و Pax7 ﺑﻮد. 24 ﺳﺮ رت وﯾﺴﺘﺎر 10 ﻫﻔﺘﻪاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﺴﺪود ﮐﺮدن ﺷﺮﯾﺎن ﮐﺮوﻧﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ورزﺷﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت ﮐﻢ ( LIT و 6=n) و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ورزﺷﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت زﯾﺎد (HIIT و 6=n)، ﮐﻨﺘﺮل (Con و 6=n) و ﺷﻢ ( Sham و 6=n) ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭼﻬﺎر ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﭘﺲ از ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ، رتﻫﺎ، ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ورزﺷﯽ را ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ﺷﺶ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ و ﺳﻪ ﺑﺎر در ﻫﻔﺘﻪ اﺟﺮا ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. ﭘﺲ از ﻫﻔﺘﮥ ﺷﺸﻢ، رتﻫﺎ ﺑﯽﻫﻮش و ﺗﺸﺮﯾﺢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻋﻀﻠﮥ ﻧﻌﻠﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷﺪ. دادهﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ RT-PCR از روش ΔΔCt ﮐﻤﯽ ﺷﺪه و ﭘﺲ از آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﭘﯿﺮو-وﯾﻠﮏ و ﻟﻮن، از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ آزﻣﻮن آﻣﺎري آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮑﻄﺮﻓﻪ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺷﺪتﻫﺎي ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ MyoD و Pax7 در ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد. اﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦﻫﺎي ورزﺷﯽ، آﺛﺎر ﻣﺜﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻗﻠﺒﯽ-ﻋﺮوﻗﯽ و اﺧﺘﻼﻻت ﻋﻀﻼﻧﯽ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از MI دارد، اﻇﻬﺎرﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﻄﻌﯽ درﺑﺎرة ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ اﻧﻮاع ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻠﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ Pax7،MyoD ﮐﻪ ارﺗﺒﺎط زﯾﺎدي در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ آﺗﺮوﻓﯽ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﯽ دارﻧﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل دﻗﯿﻖﺗﺮ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ.

Myocardial infarction is a disease that not only influences cardiovascular system, but also influences other body systems including skeletal muscles. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine two type of interval trainingwith low and high intensity on gene expression of MyoD and Pax7. 24 Wistar rats (age: 10 weeks) were selected and underwent a coronary artery blocking surgery. Eventually, they were randomly divided into 4 groups: low intensity training (LIT) (n=6), high intensity training (HIT) (n=6), sham (n=6) and control (con) (n=6). 4 weeks after operation, subjects trained for 6 weeks, 3 session per week. After 6th week, subjects were anesthetized and killed and their soleus muscle were separated for further analysis. Data from RT-PCR technique were quantified by ΔΔCt formula and analyzed by one-way ANOVA test after Shapiro-Wilk and Leven tests. The results showed no significant differences in the effect of training intensities on MyoD and Pax7 among groups. However, it has shown that training has positive effects of cardiovascular system and muscular disorders resulted from MI, further studies with more control of other effective factors are required for a definite comment on the effects of different types of training on markers such as MyoD and Pax7 which are highly associated with treating muscle atrophy.