تأثير هشت هفته تمرين تناوبي كم‌حجم با شدت بالا برخي شاخص‌هاي پيشگويي‌كنندۀ بيماري‌هاي قلبي عروقي در مردان داراي اضافه وزن

The effect of low volume high-intensity interval training on predictive markers of cardiovascular disease in overweight men

ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﯽ ﮐﻢﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﮕﻮﯾﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﺑﯿﻤﺎريﻫﺎي ﻗﻠﺒﯽ ﻋﺮوﻗﯽ در ﻣﺮدان داراي اﺿﺎﻓﻪ وزن ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮥ آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﻤﮥ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﭼﺎق و داراي اﺿﺎﻓﻪ وزن ﺑﺎ داﻣﻨﮥ ﺳﻨﯽ 20 ﺗﺎ 25 ﺳﺎل ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﻫﯿﭻ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﮥ ورزﺷﯽ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ دﺳﺖﮐﻢ در ﺷﺶ ﻣﺎه ﻗﺒﻞ از ﺷﺮوع ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻧﮑﺮده ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ و ﻓﻘﻂ در ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي روزاﻧﻪ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. از اﯾﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ، 30 ﻧﻔﺮ (ﺳﻦ 23/3±6/03 ﺳﺎل، ﻗﺪ 174/80±6/75 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ، وزن 9/14 ±92/35 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮدة ﺑﺪﻧﯽ 31/6 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ و درﺻﺪ ﭼﺮﺑﯽ 29) ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﮥ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت ﺑﺎﻻ را اﺟﺮا ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﮥ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ 20 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ (10 ﺗﻨﺎوب 1 دﻗﯿﻘﻪاي ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت 85 ﺗﺎ 90 درﺻﺪ ﺿﺮﺑﺎن ﻗﻠﺐ ﺑﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ و 1 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ ﺑﺎزﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت 50 ﺗﺎ 55 درﺻﺪ ﺿﺮﺑﺎن ﻗﻠﺐ ﺑﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ) ﺑﻮد. 48 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ از آﺧﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﮥ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮيﻫﺎي آﻧﺘﺮوﭘﻮﻣﺘﺮﯾﮏ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻮﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. از روش آﻣﺎري وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ دوراﻫﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﮑﺮر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﯽ ﮐﻢﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎﯾﯽ ﻫﻤﻮﺳﯿﺴﺘﺌﯿﻦ، LDL ،CRP و BMI ﺷﺪ )0/05< P(. ﺑﻪﻋﻼوه، ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﯽ ﮐﻢﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ HDL ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺪ )0/001=P(. ﺑﻪﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﯽ ﮐﻢﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت ﺑﺎﻻ از راه ﮐﺎﻫﺶ وزن در ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺧﻄﺮزاي ﻗﻠﺒﯽ ﭘﺴﺮان داراي اﺿﺎﻓﻪ وزن ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺘﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of low volume high-intensity interval training on markers predictive of cardiovascular disease in overweight men. Participants were overweight and obese students aged 20 to 25 years that have no regular exercise program six months before the study and only were participated in the daily activities. Thirty subjects (23.6 ± 3.03 years of age, height 174.80 ± 6.75 cm, weight 92.35 ± 9.14 kg, and BMI 31.6 kg/m2) randomized divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group underwent 8-weeks exercise training. The exercise training program consisted of 20 min (10 intervals 1-min at 85-90% maximal heart rate that separated with 1-min at 50-55% maximal heart rate). Forty-eight before and after last sessions of exercise training anthropometrics and biochemical analysis was done. Repeted measure two-way ANOVA was used for data analysis. The results indicated that 8-weeks low volume high-intensity interval training reduced plasma levels of homocysteine, CRP, LDL and BMI (P < 0.05). Additionally, low volume high-intensity interval training increase HDL (P=0.001). It seems that low volume high-intensity interval training through reduce body weight attenuates cardiovascular risk factors in overweight men.