بررسي اثر تمرين مقاومتي اندام فوقاني در پي يك دوره بي‌تحركي اندام تحتاني بر بيان ژن‌هاي FoxO3a، MuRF1و MAFbx عضلۀ نعلي رت‌هاي تمرين‌كرده

An Investigation of the Effect of Upper Limb Resistance Training after Lower Limb Immobilization on FoxO3a, MuRF1 and MAFbx Gene Expressions of Soleus Muscle in Trained Rats

ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎﻗﯽ و ﻓﻌﺎل ﮐﺮدن ﻣﺴﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺎمرﺳﺎن ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﻮﻟﯿﺰي و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺣﺠﻢ و ﻗﺪرت اﻧﻘﺒﺎﺿﯽ ﻋﻀﻠﮥ اﺳﮑﻠﺘﯽ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷﻮد. ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ در دورة ﻋﺪم اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻋﻀﻼﻧﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺑﯿﺎن ژنﻫﺎي ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢﮔﺮ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎي آﺗﺮوﻓﯽ ﻋﻀﻠﮥ ﻧﻌﻠﯽ رتﻫﺎي ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر 18 ﺳﺮ رت ﻧﺮ اﺳﭙﺮاگ داوﻟﯽ ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )6=n( و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ )12=n( ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. رتﻫﺎي ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ 6 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ و ﻫﺮ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ 5 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺑﺮ روي ﺗﺮدﻣﯿﻞ دوﯾﺪﻧﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ اﻧﺪام ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 7 روز ﺑﺎ روش ﻗﺎﻟﺐﮔﯿﺮي ﺑﯽﺗﺤﺮك ﺷﺪ و رتﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﯽﺗﺤﺮك )6=n( و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ (6=n) ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. رتﻫﺎي ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺑﯽﺗﺤﺮﮐﯽ 3 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ را ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت 3 ﺳﺖ 5 ﺗﮑﺮاري ﺑﺎﻻ رﻓﺘﻦ از ﻧﺮدﺑﺎن ﺑﺎ دﺳﺖﻫﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم دادﻧﺪ. ﭘﺲ از اﺗﻤﺎم 7 روز ﺑﯽﺗﺤﺮﮐﯽ، ﻋﻀﻠﮥ ﻧﻌﻠﯽ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج و ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﻄﻮح ﺑﯿﺎن ژنﻫﺎي (MuRF1 ،FoxO3a و MAFbx) ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ -Real time PCR ﺳﻨﺠﯿﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﻔﺎوتﻫﺎ از آزﻣﻮن آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮑﻄﺮﻓﻪ و آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺒﯽ ﺗﻮﮐﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎ (0/05≤P) اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، اﺟﺮاي ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﺑﯽﺗﺤﺮﮐﯽ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار FoxO3a (p=0/001)(P=0/008)MAFbx ،(P=0/013) MuRF1،(( ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎ ﻋﺪم اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺑﯿﺎن ژنﻫﺎي MuRF1 ،FOXO و MAFbx از آﺗﺮوﻓﯽ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﯽ در دورة ﺑﯽﺗﺤﺮﮐﯽ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ و اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻً ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ راهﺣﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺎﻫﺶ آﺗﺮوﻓﯽ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﯽ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﺑﯽﺗﺤﺮﮐﯽ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ.

Inactivity can ultimately lead to obesity and activation of the proteolysis messenger pathways, which decreases muscle mass and skeletal muscle contractile power. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training during the period of muscular inactivity on the expressions of atrophy processes regulatory genes of soleus muscle in the trained rats. 18 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into two groups: control (n = 6) and endurance training (n = 12). Endurance training rats ran on a treadmill for 6 weeks and 5 sessions per week. Then, their lower limbs were immobilized for 7 days by plaster cast method and they were divided into two groups: immobilization (n = 6) and resistance training (n = 6). Resistance training and immobilization groups performed 3 sessions of resistance training of ladder climbing with hands in 3 sets, 5 repetitions each set. At the end of 7 days of immobilization, soleus muscle was excised and gene expressions (FoxO3a, MuRF1 and MAFbx) were measured by Real Time-PCR. One-way ANOVA test was used to determine the differences and Tukey post hoc test was used to determine the significance level among the groups (P≤0.05). The results showed that resistance training significantly reduced FoxO3a (P=0.001), MuRF1 (P=0.013), MAFbx (P=0.008) compared with endurance immobilization group. Resistance training seems to prevent muscle atrophy in the immobilization period through reducing or not increasing gene expressions of FOXO, MuRF1, and MAFbx. Resistance training is likely to be a suitable solution to reduce muscle atrophy caused by muscle immobility.