تأثير شش هفته تمرين هوازي بر شاخص هاي نروژنز و نروتروفيك در هيپوكمپ رت هاي جوان و ميانسال

The Effect of 6 Weeks of Aerobic Training on Neurogenesis and Neurotrophic Factors in the Hippocampus of Young and Middle-Aged Rats

ﻫﺪف از اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ اﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻫﺎ ﺑﻮد: آﻳﺎ ورزش ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻧﺮوژﻧﺰ را اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ دﻫﺪ و ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮر ﻧﺮوﺗﺮوﻓﻴﻚ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺮوژﻧﺰ ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ آﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ورزش اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ؟30 ﺳﺮ ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺮوه ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺟﻮان، ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺟﻮان، ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﻴﺎﻧﺴﺎل و ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﺴﺎل ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس اﺻﻞ اﺿﺎﻓﻪﺑﺎر ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 6 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ و 6 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ در ﻫﻔﺘﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. رتﻫﺎي ﺟﻮان ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ 27 ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ دﻗﻴﻘﻪ و رتﻫﺎي ﻣﻴﺎﻧﺴﺎل ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ 20 ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 20 دﻗﻴﻘﻪ در روز اول دوﻳﺪﻧﺪ. ﻫﺮ روز 2 دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﺎن دوﻳﺪن اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ 60 دﻗﻴﻘﻪ در روز رﺳﻴﺪ. ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ روش اﻻﻳﺰا اﻧﺪازهﮔﻴﺮي و از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ روش آﻣﺎري آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻌﻘﻴﺒﻲ tukey ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪوﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺷﺪ.ﺑﻴﻦ وزن ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﺟﻮان ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ sig=0.979)( و ﺗﻔﺎوت ﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﻣﻴﺎﻧﺴﺎل ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮد )Ki67 .(sig=0.000 در ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﻲ ﺟﻮان و ﻣﻴﺎﻧﺴﺎل ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري از ﮔﺮوه ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد؛ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ sig=0.002)( و Midkine .(sig=0.037)در ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﻲ ﺟﻮان در ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺟﻮان اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ )(sig=0.134. اﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ در ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﻲ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﺴﺎل ﻧﻴﺰ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ، وﻟﻲ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ )sig=0.557(. ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ Midkine و Ki67 ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮد (r=0.407) sig=0.029)(. ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺪاوم ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻧﺮوژﻧﺰ را در رتﻫﺎي ﺟﻮان و ﻣﻴﺎﻧﺴﺎل اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ دﻫﺪ. اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻً اﻳﻦ ﻧﻮع ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺮاي اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻧﺮوژﻧﺰ و ﻣﻠﺰوﻣﺎت آن ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﻧﺮوﺗﺮوﻓﻴﻚ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ اﺳﺖ.

The aim of this study was to find answers to these questions: can exercise increase neurogenesis and does neurotrophic factor that is necessary for neurogenesis increase with training?30 rats were divided into four groups: young control, young training, middle-aged control and middle-aged training. The training was performed with overload principle for 6 weeks and 6 sessions per week. Young rats ran with the speed of 27 m/min. and the middle-aged rats with the speed of 20 m/min. for 20 minutes on the first day. The running time increased 2 minutes every day until it reached 60 minutes per day. Elisa method was used to measure the factors and they were analyzed by Tukey post hoc test.There was no significant difference in weight between young groups (sig=0.979) but the difference was significant between middle-aged groups (sig=0.000). Ki67 in young and middle-aged training groups was significantly more than control group (sig=0.002) and (sig=0.037). Midkine did not have a significant increase in the young training group compared with the young control group (sig=0.134). This factor increased in middle-aged training group but this increase was not significant (sig=0.557). The correlation between ki67 and Midkine was significant (r=0.407) (sig=0.029).Continuous training can increase the neurogenesis in young and middle-aged rats. This type of training may be useful to increase neurogenesis and its essentials (i.e. neurotrophic factors)