چكيده لاتين :
Introduction
The disasters that have taken place in recent years have shown that societies and individuals are increasingly vulnerable and have increased risks. However, risk and vulnerability reduction is often ignored until after the accident. Often, a natural disaster is associated with the destruction of income and biological resources, the health of residents, especially children and the elderly, and is always a serious risk to development, especially in developing countries. Iran is among the countries with a high degree of vulnerability to natural disasters due to geographic and geological conditions. So that 31.7% of its total area is located in areas at risk of natural disasters and 70% of the population lives in areas at risk of natural disasters. The metropolis of Karaj with a population of more than one million and an area of 13036 hectares, with a migration rate of about 2.8 in the period of 1390-1373 and a population density of 195 people per hectare, as a service center in Alborz province. The main purpose of this paper is to explain and evaluate the physical resilience capacity of the 12th metropolitan areas of Karaj using the Electre method. and what is the difference between the ELECTRE methodology and the ranking of regions?
Methodology
Regarding the components of the study, the prevailing approach to this research is descriptive and analytical. The statistical population of the present study is twelve regions of Karaj in 1395. A questionnaire was designed to investigate physical resilience. According to the Cochran formula, with 95% confidence interval, 352 questionnaires were distributed randomly in a simple random sampling method and distributed to the population of each region in 12 provinces of Karaj. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated for 30 questionnaires of 0.843, which indicates its high reliability and weighted the indices and in order to classify urban neighborhoods, electrothermal techniques have been used. The process of data processing is also done in Excel software. In this research, in order to operationalize the research variable, according to the data in the comprehensive and detailed design, among the indicators obtained and a wide range of effective criteria, eight spheres have been selected from the physical-space components and have been used in the research.
Results and Discussion
The analysis of the data shows that the physical condition of the 12th district of Karaj, with respect to the resistance index of building structures, is due to the existence of worn out textiles including 11,12 districts, including high and low clocks, 400 units and Agh Tape with 1.87 and 1.9, respectively, have the least amount of resiliency and have the last rank among the areas in terms of the structure of the structure. Due to the information it adds about the unfavorable conditions of building quality, such as the gender and strength of building structures. So that more than 65% of the structures of the above mentioned areas are irrelevant. Therefore, in the event of an earthquake, it is possible to disconnect from other urban areas in these areas and these areas are at high risk. One, eight and seven areas in terms of the destruction of old buildings and their replacement with new buildings, the lowest The smallest buildings over the age of 20 are located in the Azimyeh district of Karaj. Jahanshahr-Shahr refers to the matrix data of Karaj city relative to each other. Regions one, eight and seven of the metropolises of Karaj are superior to other areas. The 12th, 9th and 11th region of Karaj has the lowest prevalence among the urban areas. Accordingly, it should be added that the areas of one, eight, seven and nine Karaj metropolitan areas are of particular importance due to their location in the vicinity of urban roads and the placement of relief supplies, including firefighters and hospitals., and the standard width of the tunnel, especially in areas eight and nine On the other hand, the overall quality of the existing buildings seems to be optimal, so that the maximum number of floors of the five floors and the occupancy level is 60%. and the shape of the communication network in most of the areas is rasterized, including the advantages of this type of network, the lack of use of Marble blue in the introduction of the network, especially in the eight and nine (Jahanshahr and Employee Towns) areas. Eleven, twelve, and so that this point in the event of an earthquake and relief could lead to problems and increase casualties. The results of the leveling of the Karaj metropolitan areas are listed in Table 5
Conclusion
Results showed that the 11th and 12th regions of Karaj metropolitan area have the least resiliency in terms of the resistance of structural structures, and 65 percent of the structures of the mentioned areas are nominal, and areas one, eight and seven have the least vulnerability and have the highest resilience. and eleven, twelve, and parts of the Islamabad neighborhoods and Karaj Square due to the uneven distribution of open spaces and the undesirable location of some uses and monuments Very many public passages have the lowest degree of physical loss and the lowest rating. Statistical analysis shows that Karaj metropolitan area does not resonate in the eight-dimensional physical-spatial dimensions. However, in general, it should be noted that indicators of physical resilience dimensions in all cases show a tendency toward vulnerability. The results Non-parametric tests also indicate significant indices of research, and the value of the structure of the structural strength resistance (0.610) also shows that this variable, in comparison with other variables, has a more important role in the physical resilience. Thus, the Karaj metropolitan area It is totally resonant that all physical indicators in urban areas are in a better condition.
