سنجش پايداري شاخص هاي توسعه اقتصادي در نواحي روستايي (مطالعه موردي: روستاهاي شهرستان رودبار)

Sustainability Indicators Measurement of Economic Development in Rudbar County

پايداري اقتصادي بدنبال ايجاد رشد عادلانه و متوازن جوامع انساني، تضمين بهره مندي تك تك انسان ها در طول زمان بدون وارد آوردن خدشه به منابع زيستي، طبيعي و فرهنگي است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف سنجش پايداري شاخص هاي اقتصادي نواحي روستايي شهرستان رودبار انجام شده است. اين تحقيق از نوع كاربردي و به لحاظ روش تحقيق توصيفي- تحليلي است، جامعة آماري را كلية خانوارهاي ساكن در نواحي روسـتايي شهرسـتان رودبار تشكيل مي دهند كه طبق سرشماري سال 1390داراي 37910 نفر جمعيت و 11929خانوار روستايي است. از آنجايي كه تعداد خانوارها در روستاهاي شهرستان رودبار از تجانس و همگوني لازم برخوردار نبودند از روش نمونه گيري تصادفي طبقه بندي شده استفاده شد، كه در 4 دسته طبقه بندي شدند و در نهايت حجم نمونه با اسـتفاده از فرمـول كوكران 327سرپرست خانوار تعيين شدند. جهت تجزيه و تحليل شاخص هاي مورد استفاده از مدل موريس و جهت سنجش پايداري اقتصادي روستاهاي نمونه از مدل ويكور و همچنين از نرم افزار هاي SPSS و Excelاستفاده شده است. نتايج حاصل از تحقيق نشان مي دهد كه در بين 30 شاخص مورد استفاده هيچ كدام در وضعيت پايدار نبوده، 6 شاخص داراي وضعيت نسبتا پايدار و 24 شاخص ديگر در وضعيت ناپايدار قرار داشته اند. همچنين نتايج حاصل از سنجش پايداري اقتصادي در ميان 20 روستاي نمونه نشان مي دهد روستاي چيچال با ضريب 0/18در بالاترين سطح پايداري و روستاي جوبن با ضريب 0/88 ناپايدارترين روستا با توجه به شاخص هاي اقتصادي مورد استفاده بوده است.

Introduction Sustainability has different technical, financial, economic, social, organizational and ecological dimensions. Sustainability of each village depends on the dynamics and durability of its economy, Therefore, the reason for the evacuation and desertification of many villages in the country is the weakness and inefficiency of their economy. In the rural areas of Rudbar County due to the impact of environmental factors the effects of inefficiency and low productivity of rural economy are evident. In this regard, an assessment of the overall economic sustainability situation in the rural areas of Rudbar can be a positive step towards more suitable economic planning for the development of rural areas of this county. Methodology This research is based on the purpose the applied type and based on research methodology descriptive-analytic. The method of data collection is library and survey (questionnaire completed). The statistical population is all households living in rural areas of Rudbar County. In this study, 20 villages with appropriate spatial distribution were selected using randomize classified sampling method. Morris Davis's analytical model was used to measure the economic indices of rural areas. To measure the economic sustainability of the villages studied, we use the Vikor model. ANOVA and the Hot Spot analysis were used to compare the criteria and display their dispersion.data were analyzed using Excel, SPSS and GIS software. Results and discussion Firstly, the indicators used in this study were evaluated using the Morris Davis model. The obtained coefficients indicate that none of the 30 indicators are stable and 6 indicators have relatively stable status and 24 indicators are unstable. Also, the findings of the economic sustainability measure in the studied villages using the Vikor model show that Chichal village with Q (0.18) is at the highest level of sustainability and Joben village with Q (0.88) is the most unstable village based on the indexes studied. The results of the ANOVA test indicate that two criteria for poverty reduction and economic infrastructure with coefficients of 0.683 and 0.776 are in terms of sustainability in a better position than other criteria. The results of Hot Spot analysis indicate that there is no significant difference between rural areas in terms of economic sustainability. Conclusion According to what was said in this article, it can be concluded that the process of sustainable rural economy has different components and criteria, which achieve its most desirable condition requires the alignment and integrity of all components and sustainability criteria. So, with a single-dimensional look, this process cannot be expected to yield the desired results. But also requires a comprehensive look and attention to all the components and criteria of economic sustainability in rural areas.