تأثير خوردن دو كربوهيدرات با GI متفاوت و گلوتامين بر مقادير كراتين كيناز و زمان واماندگي در زنان فعال

The effect of two different GI carbohydrates and Glutamine usage on Creatine kinase and the exhaustion time in active women

اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺧﻮردن دو ﮐﺮﺑﻮﻫﯿﺪرات ﺑﺎ GI ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت وﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ اﯾﺰوآﻧﺰﯾﻢﻫﺎي ﮐﺮاﺗﯿﻦ ﮐﯿﻨﺎز و زﻣﺎن واﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﯽ در زﻧﺎن ﻓﻌﺎل اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ40 داﻧﺸﺠﻮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﻨﯽ 3/4 ± 82/ 24 ﺳﺎل و ﻗﺪ 5/1 ± 165/25 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ، داوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و در ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﺧﺺﮔﻠﯿﺴﻤﯽ ﮐﻢ و ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮔﻠﯿﺴﻤﯽ زﯾﺎد و ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ، ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ و ﮔﺮوه داروﻧﻤﺎ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮔﻠﯿﺴﻤﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ، ﻋﺪس )135 – gr130( و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮔﻠﯿﺴﻤﯽ ﺑﺎﻻ، ﺳﯿﺐزﻣﯿﻨﯽ )175 – 170 gr(، ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار g/KgBW 0/5 ﻣﺤﻠﻮل در 250 ﺳﯽﺳﯽ آب و داروﻧﻤﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺧﻮن ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ از آزﻣﻮن ﺑﺮوس اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﮑﺮر و ﯾﮑﺮاﻫﻪ ﺑﺎ آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺒﯽ ﺑﻮﻧﻔﺮوﻧﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري 0/05 ≤ α اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺧﻮردن ﮐﺮﺑﻮﻫﯿﺪرات ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮔﻠﯿﺴﻤﯽ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت و ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﺮ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ CK total وCK MB ﻧﺪارد، وﻟﯽ ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﺮﺑﻮﻫﯿﺪرات ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮔﻠﯿﺴﻤﯽ ﮐﻢ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ از اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻘﺪار CK MM ﺷﺪ و ﺧﻮردن ﮐﺮﺑﻮﻫﯿﺪرات ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﮔﻠﯿﺴﻤﯽ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت و ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﺪت زﻣﺎن ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺗﺎ واﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﯽ را اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ داد. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﮐﺮﺑﻮﻫﯿﺪرات ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮔﻠﯿﺴﻤﯽ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت و ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ، ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ زﻣﺎن ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ آﺳﯿﺐ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﯽ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﮐﺮد.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the consumption of two types of carbohydrates with different GI and glutamine on creatine kinase isoenzymes and the exhaustion time in active women. 40 students (mean age of 24.82 ± 3.4 yr, height of 165.25 ± 5.1 cm) participated voluntarily in this study. Subjects were randomly divided into 4 groups: low glycemic index and glutamine, high glycemic index and glutamine, glutamine and placebo. Lentil (130-135 gr) was used as carbohydrate with low glycemic index, and potato (170 -175 gr) as high glycemic index; the consumed glutamine for all three groups was 0.5 g/kg BW dissolved in 250 cc of water and the similar amount of placebo was also used. Blood samples were collected before and after Bruce test. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance with repeated measures, one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test at α≤0.05. The results showed that carbohydrate with different glycemic index and glutamine did not have a significant effect on CK total and CK MB, but the increase of CK MM was prevented in glutamine group compared with low glycemic index group. Carbohydrate with different glycemic index and glutamine increased the activity time to exhaustion. Thus, carbohydrate consumption with different glycemic index and glutamine and also glutamine itself can be used to increase the activity time and decrease cell damage.