تأثير پلي‌آمين‌ها بر شاخص‌هاي جوانه‌زني بذر باميه (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) رقم بسنطي در زمان‌ها و دماهاي مختلف

Effects of Polyamines on Seed Germination Charactristics of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Basenti) under Different Time and Temperatures

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﭘﻠﯽ آﻣﯿﻦ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ و رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪ ﺑﺎﻣﯿﻪ )Abelmoschus esculentus L.( رﻗﻢ ﺑﺴﻨﻄﯽ در دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت دو آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﮑﺮار در ﺳﺎل 1393 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. در آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ اول، ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺪت زﻣﺎن )12 و 24 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ( و ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺬر ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﻦ و اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ )1/5 ،1 ،0/5 ،0 و 2 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻻر( ﺑﻮد. اﺑﺘﺪا زﻣﺎن ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺬر ﺑﺎﻣﯿﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﻦ و اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ در آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ دوم ﺑﺬرﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻣﯿﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﻦ و اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي ذﮐﺮ ﺷﺪه در زﻣﺎن 12 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و آزﻣﻮن ﻫﺎي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ و رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺬرﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺪه در دﻣﺎﻫﺎي 20 ،15 ،10 و 25 درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﮔﺮاد ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ دﻣﺎ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ و رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪ ﺑﺎﻣﯿﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ و ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ دﻣﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ ﺑﺎﻣﯿﻪ 25 درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﮔﺮاد ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼوه ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺬر ﺑﺎﻣﯿﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﻦ و اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ ﺳﺒﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺻﻔﺖ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﻣﯿﻪ در دﻣﺎي 25 درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﮔﺮاد ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي 0/5 و 1 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻻر اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﻦ و اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ ﺑﺬر ﺑﺎﻣﯿﻪ در دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب اﺳﺖ.

In order to investigate the effects of seed priming by polyamines on germination and seedling growth charecteristic of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L .Basenti) at different temperatures two laboratory experiments were conducted as factorial layout based on a completely randomized design with four replications in 2014. In the first experiment, treatments were consisted two times (12 and 24 hours) and seed priming with five concentrations of spermine and spermidine (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mM). To determine the optimal time for okra seeds priming. The optimal seeds priming was occurred at 12 hours for all concentrations of spermine and spermidine. There after, seed germination and seedling growth study of primed seeds were carried out at temperatures of 10, 15, 20 and 25 °C in the second. Results showed that both seed germination and seedling growth of okra decreased by decreasing of temperature. The highest seed germination was observed at 25 °C. In addition, seed priming by spermine and spermidine caused significant increase in all germination and seedling growth characteristics of okra at 25 °C. Seed priming at 0.5 and 1 mM concentrations of spermine and spermidine were more efficient to improve seed germination and seedling growth charactristics of okra under different temperatures.