تحليل عوامل موثر بر توسعه ي گردشگري كشاورزي (مطالعه موردي: شهرستان محلات)

(The Effective Factors on the Development of Agricultural Tourism of (Case Study: Mahallat County

گردشگري امروزه از جمله اولين فعاليت ها جهت اشتغال زايي و درآمدزايي در جهان محسوب مي شود در سال هاي اخير با رشدي شتابان جايگاه ويژه اي پيدا كرده است. صنعت گردشگري به دليل ماهيت چتر گونه خود داراي انواع گوناگوني است و به بخش هاي متفاوتي تقسيم مي شود كه يكي از زير مجموعه هاي آن گردشگري كشاورزي است. يكي از مهم ترين شروط برنامه ريزي و توسعه گردشگري، شناسايي عوامل موثر بر توسعه آن است. شهرستان محلات به دليل برخورداري از جاذبه هاي زيبا و كم نظير كشاورزي، به ويژه مزارع و باغات پرورش گل و گياه قابليت هاي فراواني در زمينه گردشگري كشاورزي دارد. بنابراين برنامه ريزي و توسعه گردشگري گل و گياه در شهرستان محلات نيازمند توجه به ابعاد مختلف تاثيرگذار بر توسعه اين نوع گردشگري است كه يكي از وجوه آن مساله عوامل موثر بر توسعه گردشگري كشاورزي است. در اين راستا هدف از پژوهش حاضر تعيين وزن هر يك از شاخص هاي موثر بر توسعه ي گردشگري كشاورزي شهرستان محلات است. اين پژوهش از نوع پژوهش هاي توصيفي - تحليلي است و از نظر هدف يك پژوهش كاربردي است. جامعه آماري پژوهش را مسيولين و صاحب نظران شهرستان محلات در حوزه گردشگري تشكيل مي دهند. براي تجزيه و تحليل داده ها از روش فرايند تحليل سلسله مراتبي فازي (FAHP) استفاده گرديد. نتايج پژوهش حاكي از آن است كه عوامل فرهنگي- اجتماعي با ضريب (0/768) تاثير گذارترين عامل برتوسعه گردشگري كشاورزي مي باشد از اين منظر قطب گردشگري با ضريب تاثير (0/768)، فرهنگ سازي ضريب تاثير (0/768) و تبليغات ضريب تاثير (0/768) بيشترين نقش را در توسعه گردشگري كشاورزي شهرستان محلات دارا مي باشند.

Introduction Agricultural tourism is one of the rural tourism types that has significantly developed in developed countries in the two recent decades. Mahalat enjoys a very appropriate ground for the development of agritourism that results from the significant capabilities of this province at growing ornamental flowers and plants as well as the existence of the gardens of growing flowers and plants. In addition, the province can be considered as a major focus of tourist attraction in agritourism. Therefore, if proper and principled planning for tourist attraction is made, this industry can be a driving force for dynamic economy as well as a cheap and economical tool for development; by creating job opportunities, it entails investment that increases the welfare and standard level of people's life living in the area. Finally, it significantly helps the social and economic development of this province. In this regard, the aim of conducting the present study is to identify the effective factors on agritourism development in Mahalat Province. Methodology The study method is descriptive analytical in this research and data were collected through library and survey. The statistical population of the study includes authorities and experts of Mahalat province in tourism area. Excel software has been used to perform paired comparisons, generate hierarchy, and calculate the weight of each factor in the phased hierarchical process. In order to give weight to criteria and sub-criteria, the phased paired comparison was used; for this purpose, a questionnaire was designed and completed. In this questionnaire, the eighteen factors influencing the studied agritouism development were completed and then weight was given to the factors by Excel software. Next, according to theoretical framework, the criteria of agritourism development were investigated and extracted and then the sub-criteria were identified based on them. Therefore, based on the conducted research on factors affecting the development of agritourism, the criteria of agritourism development in three criterion of sociocultural with 6 sub-criteria, the criterion of economic development with 5 sub-criteria, and the physical-environmental criterion with 7 sub-criteria were examined. Result and Discution The results of the paired comparison of the criteria and sub-criteria indicate that the sociocultural factors with the coefficient of 0.768 are the most influential factors on agritourism and the tourism pole with the impact factor of (0.518), building culture with the impact factor of (0.178), and advertisement with the impact factor of (0.144) play the most roles in agritourism development among the sociocultural factors. The economic factor with the impact factor of (0.183) comes in the second place of importance and the income generating index with the impact factor of (0.388), marketing with the impact factor of (0.327), and investment with the impact factor of (0.101) have gotten the most weight among the three economic factors. Furthermore, the physical-environmental factors with the impact factor of (0.049) has the least weight in agritourism development. Three indices of landscape view of the city with the impact factor of (0.515), the sustainability of the environment with the impact factor of (0.222), and the environmental protection with the impact factor of (0.126) have gotten the most weight among the physical-environmental factors. Conclusion The present study aimed at identifying the factors affecting agritourism development in Mahalat Province. Therefore, FAHP method was used to evaluate the importance value of the factors affecting agritourism development. According to the paired comparison of the criteria and sub-criteria, the sociocultural factor with the impact factor of (0.768) is the most influential factor on agritourism development in Mahalat Province. From this perspective, tourism pole with the impact factor of (0.518), building culture with the impact factor of (0.178), and advertisement with the impact factor of (0.144) play the most roles in agritourism development. Thus, consideration of sociocultural factor is mentioned as an inevitable necessity in agritourism dynamics. In addition, the economic factor with the impact factor of (0.183) comes in the second place of importance and the physical-environmental factor with the impact factor of (0.049) has gotten the least weight in agritourism development. Suggestions: - Adopting sustainable tourism practices in which protection of cultural heritage, preservation of visual landscape, management of natural landscapes and preservation of farmland for future generations are encouraged. - Creating conditions for a determined foundation and increasing the identitiy of societies as well as emphasizing on the importance of agriculture in rural areas by the authorities in Mahalat Province. - Promotion of local customs and traditions and recreational facilities of Mahalat Province as well as creating specific infrastructures to develop agriculture - Planning in line with economic revitalization according to the potentials of Mahalat Province in agricultural context that in turn result in maintenance of the youth working in agriculture and enhancement of local economies.