واكاوي تغييرات اقليم آسايش گردشگري سكونتگاه هاي انساني استان گيلان با استفاده از شاخص دماي معادل فيزيولوژيك

Analyzing the Climate Change of Tourism Comfort of Human Settlements in Guilan Province Using Physiological Equivalent Temperature Index (PET)

با توجه به اهميت صنعت گردشگري و وابستگي اين صنعت به اقليم به عنوان يك فاكتور تعيين كننده جهت برنامه ريزي گردشگران , لزوم شناخت شرايط آب و هوايي مطلوب و نا مطلوب براي گردشگران داخلي و خارجي امري ضروري است تا متقاضي بتواند متناسب با آن , برنامه ريزي خود را از نظر زمان حركت ، نوع لباس و تجهيزات مورد نياز انجام دهد. استان گيلان با توجه به شرايط جغرافيايي و برخورداري از عوامل طبيعي نظير نواحي ساحلي، جلگه اي و كوهستاني به عنوان يكي از گردشگرپذيرترين مناطق كشور نيازمند تقويم مكاني و زماني گردشگري مي باشد و با تهيه اين تقويم جامع مي تواند گامي مهم در زيربناي آب و هواي زيستي گردشگري برداشت. هدف از اين پژوهش بررسي اقليم آسايش حرارتي استان گيلان بر اساس آمار آب و هوايي ايستگاه هاي سينوپتيك در فاصله زماني (1980 - 2016) و با استفاده از مدل (PET) و تحليل آن بر اساس نقشه هاي بدست آمده از نرم افزار GIS مي باشد تا به كمك آن بتوان برنامه ريزيهاي لازم را جهت توسعه گردشگري اين استان و مكان يابي و زمان يابي مناسب ارايه داد.نتايج بدست آمده نشان ميدهد در 37 سال اخير در ماه جولاي كه مصادف با تاريخ شمسي 10 تير تا 10 مرداد ماه مي باشد مقدار شاخص PET روند كاهشي دارد و شرايط اقليم آسايش در اين ماه بهتر شده و از تنش گرماي شديد كاسته شده است .همچنين ماه هاي اكتبر و مي (ارديبهشت و مهر) از جمله مناسب ترين ايام براي گردشگري از لحاظ اقليم آسايش مي باشد

Introduction The climate of each region plays a very important role in drawing the future lines of tourism development. Given the importance of the tourism industry and the dependence of this industry on the climate as a determining factor for tourism planning, it is necessary for domestic and foreign tourists to know the favorable and unfavorable weather conditions so that the applicant can plan accordingly. Do the type of clothing and equipment you need in terms of travel time. Methodology Guilan province, due to its geographical conditions and natural factors, as one of the most touristic regions of the country, needs a spatial and temporal calendar of tourism. The aim of this study was to investigate the climate of thermal comfort in Guilan province based on the weather statistics of synoptic stations in the time interval (1980-2016) and using the PET model and its analysis based on the maps obtained from GIS software. After defining the variables and entering them into the model, the output of the model is obtained as the calculated values for the PET index. Then, with the help of GIS software, PET maps are drawn monthly. Results and discussion The findings show that May, June and October are the best days for tourists in Guilan province in terms of climate. Also, during the last 37 years, the intensity of thermal stress has decreased between July 10 and August 10, and the weather conditions have improved in this month. Conclusion By determining the trend of PET index changes based on man Kendall method, it was found that July has a decreasing trend in Guilan province and has more favorable conditions in terms of climate and tourism than in the past. The results showed that in this period, Rasht and Kiashahr areas have severe heat stress and other parts of the province also have moderate heat stress. Also, the 37-year trend of PET index in July shows the ideal tourism conditions in Jirandeh and Deilman areas and also relatively favorable conditions for high mountainous areas in the east of the province to the mountainous areas of Masouleh.