كليدواژه :
شايستگي مرتع , فائو , بهره برداري از مراتع , سيستم اطلاعات جغرافيايي , سميرم
چكيده فارسي :
ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ اراﺿﯽ ﻣﺮﺗﻌﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ و ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮه، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺑﺎ ارزش ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺮﺗﻊ ﺟﻬﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﺧﻮراﮐﯽ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ داﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري ﭘﺎﯾﺪار از اراﺿﯽ ﻣﺮﺗﻌﯽ ﻗﺮه آﻗﺎچ ﺳﻤﯿﺮم ﺑﺎ روش ﻓﺎﺋﻮ و ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﮥ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ (GIS)، از اﻫﺪاف اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻖ دو ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ و دﺳﺘﺮﺳـﯽ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ، ﻣﺪل ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪ. در ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﭘﻮﺷـﺶ ﮔ ﯿـﺎﻫﯽ ، ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ ﺑـﺮدار ي در ﺗﯿـﭗ ﻫـﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ )ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ( ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻘﺮار 3 ﺗﺮاﻧﺴﮑﺖ 200 ﻣﺘﺮي و اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي درﺻـﺪ ﭘﻮﺷـﺶ ﺗﺎﺟﯽ، ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ، ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ اﻧﺪام ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺧﻮراك اﻧﺴﺎن، ﻧﻮع ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد و ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﺼـﺮف آنﻫـﺎ در ﭘـﻼت ﻫـﺎي 1 ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻌـ ﯽ ﺗﻌﯿـﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻣﻌﯿﺎر دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ از ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻖ دو ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﺷﯿﺐ، ﺟﺎده ﻫﺎ و ﻣﺴﯿﺮﻫﺎ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ و از ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻖ ﻧﻘﺸﮥ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ دو ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس روش ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺤﺪودﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﻓﺎﺋﻮ ﻧﻘﺸﮥ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﺪل ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ از ﻣﺠﻤﻮع 7158/69 ﻫﮑﺘﺎر اراﺿﯽ ﻣﺮﺗﻌﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ، 3/69 ﻫﮑﺘﺎر (0/05 درﺻﺪ) درﻃﺒﻘﮥ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ S1 (ﺑﺪون ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ)، 1761/1 ﻫﮑﺘﺎر (24/6 درﺻﺪ) در ﻃﺒﻘﮥ ﺷﺎﯾﺴـﺘﮕﯽ S2 (ﺑـﺎ ﻣﺤـﺪودﯾﺖ اﻧﺪك)، 3217/7 ﻫﮑﺘﺎر (44/95 درﺻﺪ) در ﻃﺒﻘﮥ ﺷﺎﯾﺴـﺘﮕﯽ S3 (ﺑـﺎ ﻣﺤـﺪودﯾﺖ زﯾـﺎد) و 2176/17 ﻫﮑﺘـﺎر ( 30/4 درﺻـﺪ) در ﻃﺒﻘـ ﮥ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ N (ﻏﯿﺮ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﻪ) ﻗﺮار دارد. از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﺪود ﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ، ﻋﺪم وﺟﻮد ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﺤﺼـﻮﻻت ﻓﺮﻋـﯽ ﺧﻮراﮐﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ و ﻏﯿﺮ اﺻﻮﻟﯽ از ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ، ﭘﺎﺋﯿﻦ ﺑﻮدن درﺻﺪ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﻟﺪ در ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ و ﭼﺮاي ﻣﻔﺮط ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﻟﺪ آﺳﯿﺐ وارد ﺷﻮد.
چكيده لاتين :
Range inventory is the recognition and evaluation of potential and actual production in order of optimal utilization of this valuable natural resource. Determination of range suitability for medical and industrial plants, considering sustainable utilization and creating models for medical and industrial plants use in Ghareh Aghach of Semirom watershed by FAO (1991) and GIS, was the main objective of this research. Determination of range suitability for medical and industrial plants use, in Ghareh Aghach of Semirom watershed based on a method suggested by FAO and GIS was the main objective of this research. Two criteria’s of vegetation cover and accessibility to water resources were integrated to determine suitability model of medical and industrial plants on rangeland. In vegetation cover criteria, the samples were randomly collected along 3 two hundred meter transects in each vegetation type. Vegetation cover percentage, composition, abundance, and the presence or absence, diversity, production, application and consumption of medicinal plants and industrial were measured using 1m2 quadrates. Accessibility to road and slope determine and by integrating these two criteria, suitability maps based on FAO method were prepared. The results showed that from 7158.69 hectares of study rangelands, 3.69% ha (0.05%), 1761.1 ha (24.6%), 3217.7 ha (44.95%) and 2176.17 ha (30.4%) of the area were classified to S1, S2, S3 and N suitability classes for medical and industrial plant utilization.
