بررسي تأثير مرحلۀ گلدهي بر كميت و كيفيت اسانس Salvia limbata درطبقات ارتفاعي مختلف درمراتع طالقان

Investigating the effect of flowering stage on the quality and quantity of Salvia limbata essential oil in different altitudes inTaleghan rangelands

ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﺮﯾﻢ ﮔﻠﯽ (Salvia limbata) ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﻋﻠﻔﯽ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎ و ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮادة ﻧﻌﻨﺎع و ﺑﻮﻣﯽ اﯾﺮان اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﻧﺪام ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه Salvia limbata در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﮥ ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ در ﺗﯿﺮﻣﺎه در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ در ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ ﻃﺎﻟﻘﺎن از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻘﺪار اﺳﺎﻧﺲ و ﺗﻨﻮع ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در آنﻫﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺆﺛﺮة ﮔﯿﺎه در روﯾﺸﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﮥ ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ 9 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﮥ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺮاي آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ ﻓﯿﺘﻮﺷﯿﻤﯽ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ دﻫﻨﺪة اﺳﺎﺳﯽ (ﮐﻤﯿﺖ و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ) ﺑﺎ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه GC/MS و GC-FID )ﮐﺮوﻣﺎﺗﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ ﮔﺎزي ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻃﯿﻒ ﺳﻨﺞ ﺟﺮﻣﯽ( ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺎزده اﺳﺎﻧﺲ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﮥ ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﻃﺎﻟﻘﺎن (1706m) ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 0/34در ﻣﯿﺎن ﻃﺎﻟﻘﺎن (1914m) ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 0/34و در ﺑﺎﻻ ﻃﺎﻟﻘﺎن (2473m درﺻﺪ ) 0/46(وزﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ وزﻧﯽ) دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه، ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ارﺗﻔﺎع در ﺳﻪ روﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري را در ﺑﯿﻦ درﺻﺪ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻋﻤﺪهﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ دﻫﻨﺪة اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ: آﻟﻔﺎﭘﯿﻨﻦ، ﺑﺘﺎﭘﯿﻨﻦ، آﻟﻮآروﻣﺎدﻧﺪرن واﺳﭙﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮﻧﻮل ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ.

Salvia limbata is an herbaceous plant which belongs to Lamiaceae family and is native to Iran. In this study, essential oils and variety of chemical compounds of Salvia limbata in flowering stage in different altitudes in July were studied. In order to study the active ingredients of plant in studied sites in flowering stage nine plant samples were examined for phytochemical analysis. Identification of the basic constituents (quantity and quality) with GC / MS and GC-FID (gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer) has been done. The yield of essential oils in flowering stage in Paeein Taleghan 0.34% in Mian Taleghan 0.34% and in Bala Taleghan is 0.46%. According to the results, difference in altitudes in three habitats shows a significant difference among the percentages of the obtained compounds. The most important constituents of essential oil include α-Pinene, β-Pinene, allo-aromadendrene and Spathulonol. Also, Salvia is reported as one of the sources for the extraction of α -pinene.