بررسي ارتفاع غرقاب روي عملكرد دو گونه‌ي مرتعي Aeluropus littoralis و Juncus maritimus

Investigation of flooding height on performance of two species Aeluropus littoralis Juncus maritimu

ﺗﻨﺶ ﻏﺮﻗﺎب ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺗﻨﺶﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ اﺳــﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن را ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﺛﺮات ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻏﺮﻗﺎب ﺑﺮ روي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد دو ﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﻣﺮﺗﻌﯽ Aeluropus littoralis و Juncus maritimus ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﺗ ﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در 4 ﺗﯿﻤﺎر و 8 ﺗﮑﺮار در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﺪه اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻌﺪ از ﮔﺬ ﺷﺖ 2/5 ﻣﺎه از ﺷﺮوع آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، ﺑﺮدا ﺷﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. اﺑﺘﺪا ﺗﻌﺪاد و ﻃﻮل ﮐﻞ اﺳــﺘﻮﻟﻮنﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﮑﯿﮏ در ﻫﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر در ﮔﻮﻧﮥ A. littoralis ﺷــﻤﺎرش ﺷــﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪاد و ﻃﻮل رﯾﺰوم در ﮔﻮﻧﮥ J. maritimus در ﻫﺮ واﺣﺪ آزﻣﺎﯾ ﺸﯽ )ﮔﻠﺪان( ﺷﻤﺎرش ﺷﺪ. وزن ﮐﻞ ﻣﺎدة ﺧ ﺸﮏ، وزن ﻣﺎدة ﺧ ﺸﮏ اﻧﺪامﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ، وزن ﻣﺎدة ﺧﺸــﮏ اﻧﺪامﻫﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ در ﻫﺮ واﺣﺪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸــﯽ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺷــﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﺸــﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺛﺮات ﮔﻮﻧﻪ و ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻏﺮﻗﺎب روي ﺗﻤﺎم ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ )ﺑﻪ ا ﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎي اﺛﺮ ﻏﺮﻗﺎب در وزن ﺧ ﺸﮏ رﯾ ﺸﻪ( دو ﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﻣﺮﺗﻌﯽ A. littoralis و J. maritimus ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﮥ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي در ﮔﻮﻧﮥ A. littoralis ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﺑﯿﻦ دو دﺳﺘﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر )ﻫﻢ ﺳﻄﺢ آب و ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 7 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ زﯾﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ آب( و ﺗﯿﻤﺎر )ﺑﺪون ﻏﺮﻗﺎب و ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 15 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ زﯾﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ آب ﻫﻢ( اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري وﺟﻮد دارد. ﻣﻘﺎﯾ ﺴﮥ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ در ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي ﮔﻮﻧﮥ J. maritimus ﻧ ﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري در ﺗﻌﺪاد رﯾﺰوم، ﻃﻮل ﮐﻞ رﯾﺰومﻫﺎ و و وزن ﺧﺸﮏ اﻧﺪامﻫﺎي زﯾﺮ زﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ. ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﮥ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺎدة ﺧﺸﮏ در ﻣﺮﺗﻊ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ اﯾﻦ دو ﮔﻮﻧﻪ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 7 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ زﯾﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ آب ﺑﻮد.

Flooding is one of the most important environmental stresses that affect the performance of plants. The effects of flooding height on the performance of the two species A.littoralis, J.maritimus were studied. This experiment was carried out the factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 8 replications. After 2.5 months of ultimate recovery tests were performed. The number and length of stolons of A. littoralis were counted separately in each treatment. The number and length of rhizome J. maritimus species in each plot (pot) were counted. The total weights of dry matter, shoot dry weight, dry weight of underground organs were measured in each experimental unit. Analysis of variance showed that the effects in controlling the height of flooding on all performance indicators studied (excluding the effects of flooding on root dry weight) of two species A. littoralis and J. maritimus is significant. Comparison of performance indicators A. littoralis species show between the two treatment groups (7 cm below the water level and water treatment) and treatment (treatment without irrigation and 15 cm below the water level) there is a significant difference. Comparison of performance indicators J. maritimus species show a significant difference in the number of rhizome, total length of underground rhizome and dry weight were observed. Comparison of dry pasture species show the highest production of the two types of treatment 7 cm below the water level.