ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ اﺟﺮاي ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﻌﺪاري ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﺧﺎك در ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ ﯾﯿﻼﻗﯽ و ﻗﺸﻼﻗﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻧﻮﺑﺮان و زرﻧﺪﯾﻪ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺮﮐﺰي

Effects of conducting range management plans on some soil properties in summer and winter rangelands of Markazi province

ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ در ﺣﻔﻆ و ﺣﺎ ﺻﻠﺨﯿﺰي ﺧﺎك و ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺧﺎك ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ، ﻻزم ا ﺳﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﻆ و ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ ﺧﺎك ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ ﺑﺎ اﺟﺮاي ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﻌﺪاري ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ دﺳـــﺖ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﻟﺬا در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ 15 ﻣﺮﺗﻊ ﯾﯿﻼﻗﯽ و 16 ﻣﺮﺗﻊ ﻗﺸـــﻼﻗﯽ داراي ﻃﺮح در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﻃﺮحﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﺧﺎك ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. در ﻫﺮ ﻣﺮﺗﻊ داراي ﻃﺮح و در ﻫﺮ ﺗﯿﭗ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺳــﻪ ﭘﺮوﻓﯿﻞ ﺧﺎك ﺣﻔﺮ ﺷــﺪه و ﺧﺎك در دو ﻋﻤﻖ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷــﺪ. در ﮐﻨﺎر ﻫﺮ ﻣﺮﺗﻊ داراي ﻃﺮح، ﻣﺮﺗﻊ ﺑﺪون ﻃﺮﺣﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺎن ﺗﯿﭗ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎﯾ ﺴﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪ و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺑﺮداري در آنﻫﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﺎدة آﻟﯽ، ازت، ﭘﺘﺎس و ﻓ ﺴﻔﺮ در آزﻣﺎﯾ ﺸﮕﺎه ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳـــﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺳـــﭙﺲ داده ﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻـــﻞ از دو ﻧﻮع ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﻣﺮﺗﻊ ﺗﻮﺳـــﻂ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار SPSS و در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح Independent sample T test ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ آﻣﺎري ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸــﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ ﯾﯿﻼﻗﯽ اﺟﺮاي ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﻌﺪاري در ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﻓ ﺴﻔﺮ، ازت و ﻣﺎدة آﻟﯽ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺑﻮده اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ دﯾﮕﺮ از ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﭘﺘﺎ ﺳﯿﻢ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻋﻤﻖ اﻓﻖ A ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﻧﺪا ﺷﺘﻪ ا ﺳﺖ. اﻣﺎ در ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ ﻗ ﺸﻼﻗﯽ ﻃﺮحﻫﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري در ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ ﺧﺎك ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ ﻧﺪا ﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽر ﺳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﮐﻨﺪ ﺧﺎك در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺧﺸﮏ زﻣﺎن ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﺮاي اﯾﺠﺎد ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار در ﺧﺎك ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Given the role of rangelands in soil conservation and soil fertility, strengthening the soil of rangelands could be achieved by range management plans (RMP). Therefore, in this research, 15 summer rangelands and 16 winter rangelands with RMP were investigated to determine the effects of range management plans on some soil properties. In each rangeland with RMP and in each vegetation type, three soil profiles were dug and soil samples were collected at two different depths. Beside each rangeland with a RMP, a rangeland with a same vegetation type and without RMP was selected for comparison and sampling was conducted. Organic matter, nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus were measured in the laboratory. The data from two different range management types were analyzed in an independent sample T test using SPSS software. The results showed that, in summer rangelands, range management plans could increase the amount of some factors like phosphorus, nitrogen, and organic matter, while it had no significant impact on some other factors, including the amount of potassium and increasing the depth of horizon A. However, in the winter rangelands, the plans had no significant effect on strengthening the soil of rangelands and it seems that due to the slow changes of soil in arid areas, more time is needed to make significant changes in the soil.