بررسي تأثير ساليسيليك اسيد بر جوانه‌زني سه گونۀ L. Cynara scolymus (كنگر فرنگي)، Foeniculum vulgare .Mill (رازيانه) و Nigella sativa L. (سياه دانه) تحت تنش شوري

Effect of salicylic acid on germination of three species of Artichoke, Fennel and Black cumin under salinity stress

ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳـــﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺳـــﺎﻟﯿﺴـــﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳـــﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺷـــﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﮐﻨﮕﺮ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ (Cynara scolymus)، رازﯾﺎﻧﻪ (Foeniculum vulgare .Mill) و ﺳﯿﺎه داﻧﻪ (Nigella sativa L) ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري آزﻣﺎﯾ ﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ، در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﺗ ﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﮑﺮار در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ آزﻣﺎﯾ ﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻪ اﺟﺮا درآﻣﺪ. ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﻟﯿ ﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ ا ﺳﯿﺪ در 4 ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺪون ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ (ﺷﺎﻫﺪ)، 1 ،0,5 و 2 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻻر) و ﺷﻮري در 4 ﺳﻄﺢ (ﺑﺪون ﺷﻮري (ﺷﺎﻫﺪ)، 100 ،50 و 200 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻻر) ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد اﺛﺮ ﺷﻮري و ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻤﺎم ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ و ﺑﺮ ﻫﻢ ﮐﻨﺶ دو ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ ﺑﺬور ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷــﺪ. اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺷــﻮري ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار (P<0/05) ﺗﻤﺎم ﺻــﻔﺎت اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺷــﺪه ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺬر ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ در ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد اﮐﺜﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺬور ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ و ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻮري در ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﮐﻨﮕﺮ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ، رازﯾﺎﻧﻪ و ﺳــﯿﺎه داﻧﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯽﯾﺎﺑﺪ. ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮدرﺻــﺪ (ﺑﯿﺶ از 96%) و ﺳــﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ )ﺑﯿﺶ از 3/4 در روز( و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ در ﮐﻨﮕﺮ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ در ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 0/5 و 1 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻻر ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ در ﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﮐﻨﮕﺮ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ، ﺳـــﯿﺎه داﻧﻪ در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 0/5 و 1 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻻر و رازﯾﺎﻧﻪ در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 1 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻻر اﺳـــﯿ ﺳﺎﻟﯿ ﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺷﻮري ﺑﻪ د ﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﺎ ا ﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺳﺎﻟﯿ ﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ ا ﺳﯿﺪ در ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي ﻣ ﺸﺨﺺ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ .F. vulgare Mill. ،C. scolymus L و .N. sativa L ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري را ﺑﻬﺒﻮد داد

Effect of Salicylic acid as a pre-treatment, on germination indices of Foeniculum vulgare Mill, Cynara scolymus L. and Nigella sativa under salinity stress was evaluated by a factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with four replications. Salicylic acid and salinity were considered in 4 levels (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM) and (0, 50, 100 and 200 mM) respectively. The results showed that salinity and pre-treatment of salicylic acid significantly affect all indices of germination of three species. Results showed increasing salinity led to decreasing the most measured germination traits. Pre-treatment with salicylic acid improved all germination indices under salinity stress conditions compared to control seeds for all three species and resistant to salinity is decreased in Cynara scolymus L. Foeniculum vulgare Mill, and Nigella sativa respectively. The highest percentage ( more than 96%) and rate of germination in Cynara scolymus was observed at levels of 0.5 and 1 mM salicylic acid ( more than 3.4 n/day). The most improvement of germination traits in Cynara scolymus L., and Nigella sativa was observed at pretreatment 0.5 and 1 mM and for Foeniculum vulgare at 1 mM. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of salicylic acid as a pre-treatment improves the germination traits of Artichoke, Corn cockle and Fennel under salinity stress at different concentrations.