محاسبه و بررسي شاخص توسعه انساني استان‌هاي ايران در سال‌هاي 90،1385 و 95

The calculation and evaluation of the human development index of the provinces of Iran in the years 2005, 2010, and 2015

ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﺎزوﮐﺎر ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي اﻧﺴﺎن ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺪف ارﺗﻘﺎي ﺳﻄﺢ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ آن ﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ از ﻃﺮﯾ ﻖ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي از ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﻫﺎي اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ارﺗﻘﺎي ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ اﻓﺮاد ﯾﮏ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ درﮔﺮو ﺗﺤﻮل اﺳﺎﺳﯽ در ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ و ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﻮر را ازﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي 90 ،1385و 95 ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در اﯾ ﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و از ﺣﯿﺚ ﻧﻮع ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي اﺳﺖ. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي 90 ،1385 و 95 ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0/650 ،0/660 و 0 /627 اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ اﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي دار اي ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮ ﺳﻌﻪ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮزي ﮐﺸﻮر اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ داراي وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﯽ در ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ اﻏﻠﺐ در ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﮐﺸﻮر واﻗﻊ ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮرﮐﻠﯽ ﺑﺎﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ از ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺮزي، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯿﺎﺑﺪ. ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ آﻣﻮزش اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎ، ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻗﻮت ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ. درﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻧﺎﺑﺮاﺑﺮي ﺷﺪﯾﺪي ﺑﯿﻦ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﻮر ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد و اﯾﻦ ﻧﺎﺑﺮاﺑﺮي در ﺷﺎﺧﺺ رﻓﺎه اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﯿﺶ از دو ﺷﺎﺧﺺ آﻣﻮزش و ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ اﺳﺖ.

Improving the human development index is the best mechanism for empowering people to achieve the goal of raising their living standards through human capabilities. Promoting the quality of the life of a community is a fundamental change in the economic, educational, and health variables. The present study seeks to examine the status of the provinces of the country in terms of the human development index for the years 2005, 2010, and 2015? The method of this research is descriptive-analytic and is an applied research type. The average human development index for provinces for 2005, 2010, and 2015 is 0.660, 0.650, and 0.627 respectively. Provinces that have a favorable status in the human development index are often located in the center of the country. Overall, the human development index decreases as the center of the country reaches the border regions. It should be noted that the provincial education index is the strong point of the human development index of the provinces. In sum, there is a strong inequality between the provinces of the country and this inequality in the index of economic well being is more than two indicators of education and health. The findings of this research show that provinces with low human development index are consistent with the border provinces of the country.