بررسي رابطه مكاني- فضايي مادرشهر مشهد و دهستان فريمان

Investigation of Locational-Spatial Relation between Mashhad Metropolis and Fariman Rural Districts

ﻧﺤﻮه و داﻣﻨﻪي رواﺑﻂ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻣﯿﺎن ﺷﻬﺮ و روﺳﺘﺎ ﺑـﺮ ﺷـﮑﻞ ﭘـﺬﯾﺮي،رﺷﺪ ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮ رواﺑﻂ دروﻧﯽ و ﺑﯿﺮوﻧﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ اﺛﺮ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺬارد. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ رواﺑﻂ ﺷﻬﺮ و روﺳﺘﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮارﻣﯽ ﮔﯿـﺮد و ﺑـﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﻪ در ﻣـﻮرد ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رواﺑﻂ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ و ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎي ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺎدر ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﺑﺎ دﻫﺴﺘﺎن ﻓﺮﯾﻤﺎن واﻗﻊ در ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺮﯾﻤـﺎن ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و روﺷﻬﺎي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﮐﯿﻔـﯽ و ﮐﻤـﯽ ﺑـﻮده و اﻃﻼﻋـﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي و ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ )ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ( ﮔﺮدآوري ﺷﺪه اﺳـﺖ و ﺟﻬـﺖ ﯾـﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺳﻮاﻻت از ﮐـﻞ ﺟﺎﻣﻌـﻪ آﻣـﺎري دﻫﺴـﺘﺎن ﻓﺮﯾﻤـﺎن، ﺳـﻪ روﺳﺘﺎي ﺳﻨﮓ آﺗﺶ )دﺷﺘﯽ( ﻟﻮﺷﺎب ﻓﺮﯾﻤﺎن )ﮐﻮﻫﭙﺎﯾﻪ اي( ﮐﻼﺗﻪ آﺧﻮﻧﺪ)ﮐﻮﻫﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ( ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ ﻣـﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ80 ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ در روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎي ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ)ﺑﺮاﺳـﺎس ﺟـﺪولﻣﻮرﮔﺎن(،ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ.ﻣﺪل ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣﺪل ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ اوﻟﻤﻦ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐـﻪ ﺷـﻬﺮ ﻓﺮﯾﻤـﺎن ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻠـﺖ دارا ﺑـﻮدن اﻣﮑﺎﻧـﺎت و ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ و ﻧﺰدﯾﮑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪي ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟﺎذب روﺳـﺘﺎﻫﺎي واﻗـﻊ در ﺣـﻮزه ﻧﻔـﻮذ ﺧﻮد ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﻮده اﻣﺎ ﻣﺎدرﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﻬﺮ ﮐﺎﻧﻮﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎذﺑﻪ زﯾﺎد و ﻗﻄﺐ اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت و ﺧﺪﻣﺎت در ﺳـﻄﺢ ﻣﻨﻄﻘـﻪ، روﺳـﺘﺎﻫﺎﯾﯽ از دﻫﺴﺘﺎن ﻓﺮﯾﻤﺎن را ﮐﻪ در ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﺗﺮي ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ را ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺧﻮد ﻣﯽﮐﺸﺪ. ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺖ و ﻧﻮع ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﯿﺰان ارﺗﺒﺎط اﺳﺖ.

Study of relations between urban and rural areas in order to understand the problems of urbanism and emergence of appropriate solutions for establishing a balanced urban and rural development, seem to be needed (Rezvani).Since the bulk of the population of developing countries live in rural areas and face with the problem of unemployment and poverty, the important issue is the place of the economic activities which can include large cities and their suburbs and small townsand villages and their suburbs. (Shariyeh). In present article, locational-spatial relation between Mashhad Metropolis and Fariman rural districts is proposed and various aspects of the economic, demographic, services ,... effects of Mashhad Metropolis on this district are examined. Methodology The current study has a descriptive-analytic approach. In the field study, questionnaires have been filled and to analyze data Excel and SPSS software are used; GIS is used for mapping. In this study, three villages were randomly selected. Result Needs as the first factor have led mutual relation between the two centers of population, Mashhad Metropolis and Fariman districts.Trend of attention to service jobs is increasing in Fariman district.Most of villagers are firstly engaged in agriculture and then, according to the factories and industrial park around of there, in industry.Travel to the city of Mashhad has been to meet the needs of treatment, usually for treatment in hospitals in Mashhad metropolis.Over of rural income comes from labor activities in factories. Conclusion The level of mutual relations of Mashhad Metropolis with the villages located in Fariman district is correlated with the space-time distance The less the distance of villages to Mashhad, according to field surveys, the more the tendency of the people to provide their major and specialized requirements from the city of Mashhad instead of Fariman district due to the wholesale and high quality stores. In addition, according to the survey results, 35% of referrals were for the purpose of meeting the acquaintances and 32% were for the purpose of pilgrimage. The correlation between Fariman district and Mashhad Metropolis is mainly with the aim to benefit from the facilities and services, meet the needs of healthcare (hospitals), and buy village necessaries and pilgrimage. Mashhad Metropolis is the main focus of the central services and facilities in the region and beyond and even national and international, while around Mashhad and the small population areas surrounding it do not have this opportunity. The existence of this gap and high differences of facilities and services between the two population centers extend some exchanges which is reasonableand matching with the first principle of Ullman. In his first principle, Ullman believes that the need between the geographical areas is the first requirement of creating relationship or move.