عنوان به زبان ديگر :
The relationship between climatic variables with yield and duration of growth stages of corn and irrigated wheat in Hasan Abad, Darab, Fars Province
پديد آورندگان :
ﺻﺎدﻗﯽ حديث داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎ ﺗﻬﺮان - ﮔﺮوه ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ , ﻋﺰﯾﺰي ﻗﺎﺳﻢ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎ - ﮔﺮوه ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ , ﺑﺎزﮔﯿﺮ ﺳﻌﯿﺪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎ - ﮔﺮوه ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ
كليدواژه :
اﻗﻠﯿﻢﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﮐﺸﺎورزي , ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﺤﺼﻮل , ذرت و ﮔﻨﺪم , ﻣﺪل آﻣﺎري
چكيده فارسي :
اﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﺻﻠﯽ و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦﮐﻨﻨﺪه در ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﮐﺸﺎورزي اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﯿﺎن ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻃﻮل دورهي ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ رﺷﺪ ذرت و ﮔﻨﺪم ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦﻣﻨﻈﻮر آﻣﺎر ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد، ﺗﻌﺪاد روزﻫﺎي ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ رﺷﺪ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻤﯿﻨﻪ، ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ و ﺑﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ دﻣﺎ، دﻣﺎي ﮐﻤﯿﻨﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ زﻣﯿﻦ، ﺳﺎﻋﺎت آﻓﺘﺎﺑﯽ، ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ، ﮐﻤﯿﻨﻪ، ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ و ﺑﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ 09 و 15 ﮔﺮﯾﻨﻮﯾﭻ، ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺑﺎرش، ﺗﻌﺪاد روزﻫﺎي ﺑﺎراﻧﯽ0/1 ،1 و 5 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﺘﺮ و ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺮاي دوره زﻣﺎﻧﯽ 19 ﺳﺎﻟﻪي 1374-1375 ﺗﺎ 1392-1393 از اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﻫﻮاﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﮐﺸﺎورزي داراب در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس ﮔﺮدآوري ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن و ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري ﻻزم ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ و ﺑﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ را ﺑﺎ ﻃﻮل ﮐﻞ ﻓﺼﻞ رﺷﺪ ذرت داﺷﺘﻨﺪ)ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ 0/807(. در ﺧﺼﻮص ﮔﻨﺪم، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﮐﻤﯿﻨﻪ و ﺑﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ و ﻃﻮل دورهي رﺷﺪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪي ﺧﻮﺷﻪدﻫﯽ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ)ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ 0/867(. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ روي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ذرت، در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪي ﺳﻪﺑﺮﮔﯽ رخ داده اﺳﺖ، ﺑﻪﻃﻮريﮐﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ از رﺷﺪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﮐﻤﯿﻨﻪ و ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ را ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﺷﺘﻨﺪ)ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ0/890(. ﺑﺮاي ﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﻨﺪم و رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ09 ﮔﺮﯾﻨﻮﯾﭻ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪي رﺳﯿﺪن ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ )ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ0/674(. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه دﻗﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﺪلﻫﺎي واﯾﺎزي)رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮﻧﯽ( در ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ ﻃﻮل دورهي رﺷﺪ و ﻫﻤﯿﻨﻄﻮر ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ذرت و ﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﻮد
چكيده لاتين :
Climate is one of the main determinant factors in agricultural production. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between climate variables with yield and duration of corn and wheat growth stages. For this purpose, the data related to, the number of days of growth stages, together with climate variables including minimum, average and maximum temperatures, minimum ground temperature, sunshine hours, evaporation, minimum, average and maximum relative humidity, relative humidity at 09 and 15 GMT, the total precipitation, the number of rainy days with 0.1, 1 and 5 mm and more for a 19-year period between 1995-96 and 2013-14 were collected from agrometeorological research station in Darab, Fars Province. Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression equations. According to the results of this study, evaporation and maximum relative humidity had the highest correlation with the length of the entire corn growth season (correlation coefficient of 0.807). For wheat, the results showed that the highest correlation was observed between the minimum and maximum relative humidity and the length of the growth period at the heading stage (correlation coefficient of 0.867). In addition, the results revealed that the highest impact of climate variables on corn yield occurred at the three leaf stage, so that at this growth stage, the minimum and average of relative humidity had the highest significant correlation at the 1% probability level with yield (correlation coefficient of 0.890). For wheat, the highest correlation was observed between yield and relative humidity at 09 GMT at the ripening stage. In conclusion, the results showed a good accuracy of the statistical models in estimating the growth period and yield of corn and wheat.
