كليدواژه :
اشتراك دانش , دانش پنهان , انتقال دانش پنهان , كتابداران , كتابخانه‌هاي عمومي
چكيده فارسي :
هدف: با توجه به اهميت انتقال تجارب كتابداران به يكديگر در راستاي انجام هرچه بهتر وظايف حرفه‌اي خود، پژوهش حاضر با هدف كشف روش‌هاي انتقال و اشتراك دانش پنهان در ميان كتابداران كتابخانه‌هاي عمومي شهر فارس و عوامل مؤثر بر آن انجام شد.
روش: روش پژوهش پيمايشي و از لحاظ هدف كاربردي است. جامعه پژوهش شامل كليه كتابداران كتابخانه‌هاي عمومي استان فارس بود كه 400 كتابدار را در برگرفته است. براساس فرمول كاكران تعداد 190 نفر با روش نمونه گيري تصادفي ساده به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. همچنين ابزار گرد‌آوري داده‌ها پرسشنامه بود. روايي پرسشنامه با نظر اساتيد و متخصصان علم اطلاعات سنجيده شد و پايايي با ضريب آلفاي كرونباخ (α=0.82) مورد بررسي و تأييد قرار گرفت. اولويت‌بندي روش‌هاي اشتراك دانش پنهان و نيز عوامل مؤثر بر آن با كمك آزمون كروسكال واليس تعيين شد و از معادله رگرسيون خطي چند متغيره جهت سنجش روابط ميان عوامل مؤثر و ويژگي‌هاي جمعيت‌شناختي استفاده شد.
يافته‌ها: نتايج پژوهش نشان داد كه مهم‌ترين روش‌هاي انتقال دانش پنهان بين كتابداران كتابخانه‌هاي عمومي استان فارس به ترتيب، ارتباط كلامي با همكاران و شركت در دوره‌هاي آموزش ضمن خدمت بوده است. هر سه دسته عوامل فردي، سازماني و وابسته به فناوري در انتقال دانش ضمني از ديد كتابداران مؤثر بودند؛ درحالي كه عوامل سازماني بيشترين امتياز و عوامل فردي كمترين امتياز را داشته‌اند. همچنين معادله رگرسيون تنها وجود رابطه ميان سن و جنسيت كتابداران و عوامل وابسته به فناوري را تأييد كردند.
اصالت/ارزش: تا كنون پژوهشي در داخل كشور در خصوص روش‌هاي اشتراك دانش پنهان بين كتابداران كتابخانه‌هاي عمومي انجام نشده است. از آنجا كه عوامل سازماني و وابسته به فناوري از ديد كتابداران مهم‌ترين عوامل مؤثر در اشتراك دانش پنهان بوده اند. توجه ويژه به اين دو عامل مي تواند در برنامه‌ريزي هاي كوتاه مدت و بلند مدت نهاد كتابخانه‌هاي عمومي كشور جهت تسهيل و تقويت انتقال دانش پنهان ميان كتابداران سودمند باشد.
چكيده لاتين :
Purpose: A library and information specialist cannot rely only on his
academic views. He can perform his job successfully only when he has
access to his colleagues' scientific knowledge which is based on their
experiences and uses it alongside his own knowledge. Therefore, it is
essential and necessary to identify the ways of transferring the tacit
knowledge of librarians and the factors affecting this transfer in order to
improve the current conditions. Thus, The purpose of the present study is to
identify the methods of tacit knowledge transfer and sharing and factors
affecting it among the librarians of public libraries in Fars Province.
Method: This study is an applied research that was conducted by the survey
method. The research population included all 400 librarians of the public
libraries in Fars Province, from whom 190 librarians were selected by using
simple random sampling. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. The
validity of this questionnaire was measured by asking for the opinions of
information science specialists and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach
's alpha coefficient (D= 0.82 ). Furthermore, the SPSS (v.21) and Microsoft
Excel (2016) were applied to analyze the data. Prioritization of the methods
of tacit knowledge transfer and the factors affecting it were performed using
the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the multiple linear regression and its coefficients
were used to measure the relationships between the influential factors and
the demographic characteristics of librarians.
Findings: The results indicated that the most important methods of
transferring knowledge between librarians of public libraries in Fars
Province were verbal communication between library staff and their
participation in in-service training courses, respectively. From the
perspective of respondents, all three factors, including personal,
organizational and technological, affect the tacit knowledge transfer; The
need for a proper reward system (among the organizational factors), access
to Internet (among the technological factors) and maintaining the job
position (among the personal factors) have been the most important factors
from the viewpoint of librarians. However, in the overall comparison,
organizational factors were assigned the highest score and personal factors
were assigned the lowest score by the librarians. Results of the regression
equation also confirmed the existence of a significant relationship between
the librarians' age and gender and the technological factors.
Originality/value: So far, no research has been conducted within the
country on the methods of tacit knowledge transfer and the factors affecting
it among the librarians of public libraries. Therefore, the current research can
pave the way for other studies in this field. In addition, among the studied
factors, organizational factors and then technological factors were assigned
the highest scores by librarians. Paying attention to these results can be
useful in the short and long term planning of Iran Public Libraries
Foundation in order to facilitate and reinforce tacit knowledge transfer
among librarians. Furthermore, the results of the research showed that the
existence of joint agreements and programs between Iran Public Libraries
Foundation and universities, educational and research centers in order to
hold different training courses can be effective in facilitating knowledge
sharing.
