كليدواژه :
زنان سرپرست خانواده , موفقيت شغلي , ويژگيهاي شخصيتي , راهبردهاي مقابله اي
چكيده فارسي :
هدف
امرار معاش و اشتغال زايي براي زنان سرپرست خانواده يكي از دغدغه هاي اصلي برنامه ريزان حوزه هاي حمايت و توانمندسازي است كه مولفه هاي زيادي آن را با چالش روبه رو مي كنند. اين پژوهش با هدف مقايسه ويژگي هاي شخصيتي و راهبردهاي مقابله اي در زنان سرپرست خانواده موفق و ناموفق از نظر شغلي انجام شد.
روش بررسي
جامعه آماري شامل زنان سرپرست خانواده ساكن در استان هاي تهران و البرز بود كه در طي سال هاي 1394 تا 1397 وارد چرخه حمايتي سازمان بهزيستي شدند. 266 نفر از اين زنان با روش نمونه گيري تصادفي خوشه اي انتخاب و در دو دسته زنان موفق و ناموفق از نظر شغلي، بررسي شدند. پرسشنامه هاي نئو (مك گري و كاستا، 1985) و راهبردهاي مقابله اي (رضاخاني، 1388) توسط اعضاي نمونه تكميل شد و داده ها با استفاده از آزمون تي مستقل با كمك نرم افزار SPSS-21 و در سطح معناداري 0٫05 آزمون شدند.
يافته ها
نتايج به دست آمده نشان داد بين زنان موفق و ناموفق از نظر شغلي، ازلحاظ سطوح نوروزگرايي، تفاوت معناداري وجود داشت (0٫048=p). همچنين برون گرايي (0٫041=p) و انعطاف پذيري (0٫050=p) در زنان موفق شغلي درمقايسه با زنان ناموفق به شكل معناداري بيشتر بود. يافته ديگر اين بود كه زنان ناموفق از نظر شغلي، بيشتر از راهبرد هيجان مدار استفاده مي كردند (0٫048=p).
نتيجه گيري
براساس يافته هاي اين پژوهش مشخص شد كه برون گرايي و انعطاف پذيري همراه با داشتن سطح مطلوب ثبات عاطفي و قدرت مهار اضطراب و بهره مندي از راهبردهاي مسئله مدار نقش مهمي در توفيق شغلي زنان سرپرست خانواده، دارد.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objective: Female heads of the household include women who are in custody of the family due to death, divorce, wife
imprisonment, etc. These women are among the vulnerable groups of society due to problems with care. In the current communities, the
occurrence of social, economic, and cultural changes has led to changes in the construction of the family and the formation of the phenomenon
of "supervised wom@n" has become commonplace. At all levels of human resource management and resources, organizations have become
increasingly important as business success. This study aimed to compare the personality traits and coping strategies in successful and
unsuccessful women in the field of occupation.
Methods: The statistical population of this study included all women heads of families in Tehran and Alborz provinces who during the years
2015 to 2018 entered the continuous cycle of support services of the welfare organization. The sample was selected using cluster random
sampling method, and finally, 266 of these women evaluated in two groups of successful and unsuccessful women in terms of the job. Tools
were, NEO questionnaires and coping strategies completed by the members of the sample group, and the data were analyzed using independent
sample T-test.
Results: The results show that among successful and unsuccessful women, there is a significant difference in the level of high neuroticism,
extroversion, and flexibility. Also, the emotional-focused coping strategy has a significant difference in successful and unsuccessful women. So
that unsuccessful women used the approach more than normal women.
Conclusion: Considering that female-headed households are in a position to deal with the challenges of family cohesion and family well-being,
the way they spend financial and human resources on their self-employed support is significant. Therefore, because of these findings, it can be
said that in creating employment for a female head of household, the role of personality factors along with economic support should be paid
special attention and can also be paid attention to personality traits, guidance, and guidance Effective and timely, and ultimately prevented from
failing.
