كليدواژه :
ذهن آگاهي , هوش اخلاقي , هوش معنوي , خرد , سالمندان
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف
حضور ذهن و آگاهي در لحظه جاري، مي تواند راهي براي رسيدن به شناخت و عاطفه و تاملي قوي تر باشد؛ بنابراين هدف پژوهش حاضر تعيين تاثير آموزش ذهن آگاهي بر هوش اخلاقي، هوش معنوي و خرد سالمندان بود.
روش بررسي
طرح اين پژوهش آزمايشي از نوع پيش آزمون و پس آزمون با گروه گواه بود. جامعه آماري پژوهش شامل تمامي سالمندان عضو كانون هاي سالمندي شهر تهران بودند كه به صورت نمونه گيري خوشه اي چندمرحله اي، 50 نفر از سالمندان 65 سال به بالاي مناطق 1، 14 و 19 انتخاب شدند و به تصادف در دو گروه مساوي گمارده شدند. بعد از كسب رضايت كتبي براي شركت در پژوهش، ابزارهاي پژوهش، شامل پرسش نامه هوش اخلاقي لينك و كيل (2008)، پرسش نامه هوش معنوي كينگ (2007) و پرسش نامه سه بعدي خرد آردلت (2003) را تكميل كردند. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون تي دو گروه مستقل و با سطح اطمينان 99درصد با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS تجزيه وتحليل شد.
يافته ها
يافته ها نشان داد ميانگين نمرات پيش آزمون دو گروه تفاوت معناداري نداشت؛ اما پس آزمون دو گروه گواه و آزمايش در همه مولفه هاي متغير هوش معنوي، در دو مولفه از متغير هوش اخلاقي (درست كاري، مسئوليت) و در هر سه مولفه متغير خرد تفاوت معناداري داشت (0٫01>p).
نتيجه گيري
براساس يافته هاي اين پژوهش، آموزش ذهن آگاهي به سالمندان كمك مي كند متغيرهايي مانند هوش معنوي، هوش اخلاقي و خرد را افزايش دهند. افزايش اين متغيرها به فرد در جهت وحدت بخشيدن و معناداركردن زندگي خود كمك درخور توجهي مي كند.
چكيده لاتين :
Objectives: Elderly is a sensitive period in human life. Attention to needs of this stage is a social necessity. The presence of mind and
consciousness in the instant can be a way to achieve recognition, affection and a stronger wisdom is in years of aging. According to the view of
most researchers, it is a summation of the person's life and if person be stronger in structures such as wisdom, moral intelligence and spiritual
intelligence, it will have a better performance in terms of life. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mindfulness
education on ethical intelligence, spiritual intelligence and elderly wisdom.
Methods: This experimental study was a pre–test and post–test type with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all
elderly members of the old age centers of Tehran. Sampling was done in two steps, in the first stage, aged population were selected from 23
districts of Tehran. The local areas of 1, 14 and 19 were considered and according to the number of elderly of each district (amount of elderly
people were weighed in each district). Subjects were randomly systematic and based on entry conditions, which included age 65 years and older,
no history of physical and psychological illness and marriage among the members of the districts. To do the research, written consent were
recorded from elderly club. The research Instruments included the questionnaire of ethical intelligence of Link and Kiel, King's spiritual
intelligence questionnaire, and the three–dimensional questionnaire of Ardlet's micro. Experimental intervention (mindfulness training) was
performed only for the experimental group, during eight 90–minute sessions and the intervention group did not attend in them. The obtained
data are analyzed using mean, standard deviation and independent T–test analyses.
Results: There were not significant differences between the two groups in the pre–test scores. Therefore, it is not necessary to control the pre–
test values. Independent T–test for comparing the post–test scores of the two groups test and evidence were used. Findings showed that the mean
post–test scores of the two test groups were significantly different in the mentioned components, it meaning that the experimental group received
training, namely, mindfulness training, in all four components of the spiritual intelligence variable. It had a desirable and significant increase in
the two components of the moral intelligence variable, as well as the experimental group receiving mindfulness training in all three components
of the variable wisdom have shown significant improvement and improvement (p<0.01). The findings showed that there was no significant
difference between the two groups of the experimental and control groups in the two components of the moral intelligence variable meaning that
the experimental group did not upgrade and increase the score with the knowledge of mind education in these two variables (p>0.01).
Conclusion: Mindfulness by focusing on individual concentration and non–judgmental acceptance of what is happening can be seen in contrast
to situations like mental employment with memories of program imagination or anxiety and automatic behavior in which attention to the other
thing is focused. Given that the mind of consciousness as a lifestyle, consistent with the natural nature of man, is capable of influencing the
emotional system of individuals, raw feelings and impulses of their actions, transforming the view into transformational life and improve the
quality of communication with oneself, others and the world, or compassionate and realistic acceptance in order to increase satisfaction. Being
educated at the elderly and retirement homes after old age, the program could be seen in contrast to situations like mental employment with
memories of program imagination or anxiety and automatic behavior in which attention is focused on something else centralized.
