پديد آورندگان :
حسين لو، عقيل دانشگاه علامه طباطبائي تهران , اسمعيلي، معصومه دانشگاه علامه طباطبائي تهران - گروه مشاوره , كاظميان، سميه دانشگاه علامه طباطبائي تهران - گروه مشاوره
كليدواژه :
پديدارشناسي , تجربهٔ زيسته , نابينا , سازگاري , الگوهاي پيش برنده
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objective: Having a different physical and emotional experience, including stressors in human life, could affect individual
identities, psychosocial dimensions, emotional balance, self–satisfaction, sense of competence and achievement, social interactions, interpersonal
relationships and individual needs adaptability. Blindness is a different experience. Blind people usually have difficulties in adaptation with their
environment because they lose their basic sense of mobility and navigation skills. However, it is said that a person with a behavioral pattern can
achieve success when a person can navigate his work and his personal life. Identifying behavioral patterns of individuals can lead to the correct
design of the movement for successful relationships and constructive interaction with others to obtain the desired outcomes from work
negotiations, family relationships and friendly communication. Therefore, the present study was conducted to examine the life experience of
blind people to recognize their driving patterns.
Methods: This research was a qualitative study and phenomenological research. The sample and statistical population of the study were blind
subjects with 22 years and older in Tehran. The people were selected using targeted sampling method, and the data–gathering tool was semi–
structured interviews. In analyzing the data obtained from the interview, two methods of descriptive phenomenological analysis (Clayzee
method) and the coding method used simultaneously. Interview data at the same time and after completing interviews and recording the main
points during the session, the participants 'statements repeatedly listened to the recorded notes, and their statements word–of–word wrote on
paper and several times studied to understand participants' feelings and experiences.
Results: Analysis of interviews data about the living experience of blind people to determine the characteristics of their driving patterns had 21
major categories. They include: normalization in the course of time, the color of divinity, the relationship with God and Holliman’s, the blessings
of God, strong self–concept and self–reliance, self–belief, strong will, sense of usefulness, positive effects, emphasis on self–help, help–seeking
and consulting with others, communication with others, communication with the blind, community support, family support, friendship support,
welcoming culture, hindering others, negative impacts, education, financial dependence, outcomes and livelihood status obtained. Ultimately
identified five core categories as characteristics of the driving patterns of blind people, including overtime adaptation, association with God,
social skills, individual support factors and social support.
Conclusion: Characteristics of the driving patterns of blind people were a set of interpersonal and interpersonal features and factors such as
environmental factors and, most important, communication with the creator of being. Therefore, it seems that neglecting or ignoring any of these
factors and features can deprive an individual of having driving patterns.
