پديد آورندگان :
آقازاده، اسماعيل دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان) - دانشكدهٔ تربيت بدني و علوم ورزشي , تقيان، فرزانه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان) - دانشكدهٔ تربيت بدني و علوم ورزشي , قاسمي كهريزسنگي، غلامعلي دانشگاه اصفهان - دانشكدهٔ تربيت بدني و علوم ورزشي
كليدواژه :
سر به جلو , دامنهٔ حركتي , قدرت عضلاني , تمرينات تراباند , افراد نابينا
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objective: Awareness of the extremities and its movable range, side supremacy and correct orientation is necessary skill to
maintain the body alignment. In blind people, obtaining these skills is slow due to lack of vision. Therefore, they are susceptible to a variety of
functional disorders of the muscles if not exist compensatory training. These disorders cause muscle imbalance on both sides of the body and
predispose a person to musculoskeletal abnormalities. One of the most common defective cervical spine postures in blind subjects is forward
head with a prevalence of 66%. Sports exercises like those that Trabant is widely used among different people to maintain health and well–being
with the goal of increasing strength, rehab and preventing injuries. Therabands with its elastic resistance have several advantages over other free
weights. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate effect of Theraband's exercises on the forward head, power and range of motion
in blinds and low visibility boys who suffering forward head.
Methods: The present study was semi–experimental and pre–posttest with control group. Out of 90 male students, 12–16 years old, blind and
low vision students who studying at Shourideh Shirazi University (Fars province, south of Iran), with a forward head abnormality (angle>27
degrees), 30 were targeted intentionally and based on the criteria for entering the study. They were selected in an accessible and purposeful way
and randomly divided into two groups of experimental (Trabant training, n=15) and control (n=15). The experimental group performed resistance
training for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week, and 60 minutes, with Theraband latex. These exercises are used to strengthen the muscles of scapula,
parallelogram, upper and middle trapezius, muscles of the back, as well as the stretching muscles of the chest. The normal direction of the body
should be maintained in all exercises. The control group did not have any sports activities during this period. The instrument used in this study
was a chessboard (for the primary screening of subjects), a goniometer to determine the exact angle of the head and neck and the range of joints,
dynamometer to measure the strength of the extensors and muscles of the subjects. Power, head angle and motor range of subjects were measured
before and after eight weeks in both groups. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to determine the natural distribution of data. Levin test
was used to determine the consistency of variances. T–test was used for comparing the intra–group data and the mean of independent t–test was
used in SPSS version 21. The significance level concidered less than 0.05.
Results: Eight weeks of training with Theraband improved forward head angles with mean difference and p value of (2.53±0.17, p=0.007), hand
power (-0.93±-0.56, p=0.004), abduction (-15.67±0.63, p=0.044), the strength of back extensors (19.33±1.66, p=0.012), outer joint rotation
(3.23±0.51, p=0.037(, extension of head and neck (-2.07±1.51, p=0.001). However, no changes were seen in the internal displacement of the
shoulder joint (-0.74±0.037, p=0.584), flexure (-11.87±1.16, p=0.072), left flexure (p=0.441, 0.074±0.01) and right flexure (-0.46±1.2, p=0.573(.
Conclusion: Theraband exercises could improve the forward angle, range of motion and muscle strength in people with low vision and blinds
withmovement forward head. Therefore, considering the effectiveness of these exercises, it could be used as an effective way to treat this
condition. Considering the limitations of the present research and lack of cooperation of the subjects, it is suggested that in future research, the
performance of deep receptors, quality of life, life expectancy and functional factors such as static and dynamic equilibrium was surveyed.
