مدل يابي رابطه بين حمايت اجتماعي و ذه نآگاهي با بهزيستي روانشناختي با توجه به نقش ميانجي ارضاي نيازهاي اساسي روانشناختي در والدين كودكان استثنايي

Modling the Relationship Between the Effect of Social support and Mindfulness on Psychological Well-being Considering the Mediating Role of Satisfying basic Psychological Needs in Parents of Exceptional Children

ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ، ﻣﺪل ﯾﺎﺑﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ اﺛﺮ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ذﻫﻦآﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ روان ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯽ ارﺿﺎي ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي اﺳﺎﺳﯽ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ در واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻮد. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ، ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﮐﻠﯿﻪ واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن در ﺳﺎل 1398ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس ﺗﻌﺪاد 234ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭘ ﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ، ذﻫﻦآﮔﺎﻫﯽ ، ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ روان ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ارﺿﺎي ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي اﺳﺎﺳﯽ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ در ﻣﻮرد آﻧﻬﺎ اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. دادهﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSSو AMOSوﯾﺮاﺳﺖ 25ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ آزﻣﻮن رواﺑﻂ ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ از آزﻣﻮن ﺑﻮت اﺳﺘﺮاپ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، ﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﺴﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑﺠﺰ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ روان ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺴﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﻧﯿﺰ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ارﺿﺎي ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي اﺳﺎﺳﯽ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ، اﻟﮕﻮي ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي از ﺑﺮازش ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ و ﮔﺎم ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اﻟﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ و ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ﺗﻨﯿﺪﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﺷﺪه واﻟﺪﯾﻦ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ روان ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ، ﻣﻔﯿﺪ واﻗﻊ ﺷﻮد.

The aim of this study was to modling the relationship between the effect of social support and mindfulness on psychological well-being considering the mediating role of satisfying basic psychological needs in parents of exceptional children. In this descriptive-correlational study, all the parents of exceptional children of Khuzestan privince in year 2019 constituted the research population. From this population, 234 people were selected through convenience sampling method. In this study, social support, mindfulness, psychological well-being and satisfying basic psychological needs were used for data collection in this study. Data were analyzed by SPSS & AMOS edit 25 using a path analysis method. Bootstrap test was used to test the indirect relationships. The results of this study showed that all direct paths social support with psychological well-being were significant. Indirect pathways were also significant through satisfying basic psychological needs with psychological well-being. The proposed model had an acceptable fitness to the result and an important step in recognizing the effective factors in the psychological well-being of parents of exceptional children and can be useful as a model for designing and stress management programs and increased psychological well-being for this parents.