پديد آورندگان :
جوهري ليلا دانشگاه فردوسي مشهد , خوارزمي اميدعلي دانشگاه فردوسي مشهد , خوارزمي اميرعلي دانشگاه فردوسي مشهد
چكيده فارسي :
شهرها و فضاهاي شهري مي توانند مكان هايي مثبت يا منفي براي زندگي كودكان باشند. به طور ايده آل، همسايگي ها و محله ها بايد مكان هايي اجتماعي براي كودكان باشند، به طوري كه بتوانند به راحتي اصول جوامع و فرهنگ ها و تبادلات آنها را براي كودكان بيان كنند. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسي وضع موجود و تاثيرگذاري هر يك از شاخص هاي شهر دوستدار كودك، تحليل شكاف وضع موجود و مطلوب و همچنين تحليل اختلاف در بين مناطق كلانشهر مشهد مي باشد.
روش
روش تحقيق توصيفي- پيمايشي از نوع كاربردي است. جهت جمع آوري داده هاي كمي از پرسشنامه ي محقق ساخته بر اساس استانداردهاي يونيسف استفاده شد و جهت تدقيق وضع موجود برداشت ميداني در مناطق مورد مطالعه انجام شده است. جامعه ي آماري، والدين كودكان 6-12 سال در مناطق 1، 6 و 8 شهرداري مشهد مي باشند كه بر اساس ميانگين درآمدي مناطق شهرداري به عنوان نماينده ي مناطق كم برخوردار، نيمه برخوردار و برخوردار انتخاب شده است. جهت آزمون فرضيات با توجه به نرمال بودن داده ها از آزمونهاي t، توكي و تحليل آنوا در نرم افزار SPSS براي بررسي وضع موجود و ميزان تاثير شاخص ها و همچنين تحليل شكاف استفاده شده است.
يافتهها
وضع موجود شاخص فضاهاي بازي و سبز در شهر مشهد مطلوب نيست. وضع موجود ديگر شاخص ها بالاتر از استاندارد عدد 3 و در وضعيت نسبتا مطلوبي قرار دارد.
نتايج
نتايج حاصل از اثرگذاري شاخص هاي شهر دوستدار كودك در مشهد بيانگر تاثير تمامي شاخص هاي بومي سازي شده در مشهد مي باشد و نتايج تحليل شكاف نشان داد بين وضع موجود و مطلوب شاخص هاي فضاهاي بازي و سبز و دسترسي به خدمات اختلاف معناردار و شكاف بارزي وجود دارد.
چكيده لاتين :
Cities and urban spaces can be either positive or negative locations for children. Neighborhoods must ideally be social places for children so that they can easily state the principles of communities and cultures and exchange them with children. This research aimed to study the status quo and the effectiveness of each of CFC indicators in order to evaluate the life satisfaction in Mashhad, Iran. In this regard, we reviewed the CFC literature.
Methods
This is an applied, descriptive survey researh. CFC's theoretical principles and literature were reviewed using the documentary studies. Then, the indicators were extracted and localized using the dimensions stated in the last UNICEF Report (2007) and valid sources in this regard. In the first stage, the status was reviewed by a field visit. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire in order to assess the status quo and the effectiveness of indicators from the perspective of parents with 6-12 year-old children and children in some child-based questions. The statistical population consisted of 13 Municipal Districts of Mashhad, Iran. Districts 1, 6, and 8 were selected as the sample using clustering based on the municipal income in 2014. District 1 represents rich class; District 8 shows semi-rich class; and District 6 represents poor class. Data were analyzed by SPSS. To assess the hypothesis, firstly Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test was used in order to test the normality of the data and then T. test, Tukey test and ANOVA were employed to review the current situation and the impact indicators as well as the gap analysis.
Results
The results indicated that the effects of the following indicators were not significant in the formation of CFC in Mashhad: Participation in decision-making, health, education, and culture. According to the UNICEF standards, the results of the status quo also showed that all indicators were ranked medium or medium-to-low regardless of quantitative scale using field observations. The measures were among those for developing and developed countries. In quantitative assessment, all indicators were greater than the statistical standard (number 3) except for Playground and Green Spaces
Conclusion
Promoting welfare and healthy city indicators in CFCs requires the participation of all agencies. Municipality as the coordinator between authorities and training and educational bodies can play a key role in this regard. Urban management has come to the conclusion that children are prioritized and municipality is an important part of this element. Without participation, the ultimate goal, which is the healthy society, is not fulfilled.
