پديد آورندگان :
شبگرد، بهاره دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد گرگان - گروه روانشناسي , مداحي، محمدابراهيم دانشگاه شاهد تهران , خواجه وند، افسانه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد گرگان - گروه روانشناسي
كليدواژه :
مدل بزنف , آگاهي , سبك زندگي , رفتارهاي پيشگيرانه , سرطان
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف: سرطان از مشكلات جسماني بسيار مهم در جمعيت زنان است كه با عواملي همچون سبك زندگي و سطح آگاهي و رفتارهاي پيشگيرانه ارتباط دارد. مدل‌هاي مداخلهٔ مختلفي جهت تعديل اين عامل‌ها ارزيابي شده است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسي تأثير مداخلهٔ آموزشي براساس مدل بزنف بر سبك زندگي و آگاهي و رفتارهاي پيشگيرانه از سرطان در زنان شهر رشت صورت گرفت.
روش‌بررسي: اين پژوهش نيمه‌آزمايشي با طرح پيش‌آزمون‌پس‌آزمون و گروه كنترل بود كه بر زنان شهر رشت در سال 1396 انجام پذيرفت. 80 نفر به‌صورت داوطلبانه انتخاب شده و 40 نفر در گروه آزمايش و 40 نفر در گروه كنترل به‌شيوهٔ تصادفي قرار گرفتند. جهت گردآوري اطلاعات، سه پرسشنامهٔ آگاهي و سبك زندگي و رفتارهاي پيشگيري‌كننده به‌كار رفت. پرسشنامه ابتدا توسط گروه‌ها تكميل و سپس براي گروه آزمايش هشت جلسه آموزش پيشگيري از سرطان براساس مدل بزنف اجرا شد. پس از دورهٔ آموزش به‌طور مجدد دو گروه پرسشنامه‌ها را تكميل كردند. اطلاعات جمع‌آوري‌شده با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخهٔ 22 و آزمون آناليز كوواريانس تجزيه‌وتحليل گرديد.
يافته‌ها: نتايج آزمون آناليز كوواريانس نشان داد كه مداخلهٔ آموزشي مدل بزنف بر سبك زندگي و آگاهي و رفتارهاي پيشگيرانه از سرطان در زنان تأثير معناداري دارد (0٫001>p).
نتيجه‌گيري: باتوجه به يافته‌هاي پژوهش، برنامهٔ آموزش مبتني‌بر مدل بزنف در افزايش سطح آگاهي و بهبود سبك زندگي و درنتيجه ارتقاي رفتارهاي پيشگيرانه از سرطان در زنان مؤثر بوده است.
چكيده لاتين :
Background & Objective: One of the most common diseases is cancer. Cancer refers to a set of diseases that occurs through unprotected cell
proliferation. The exact cause of this phenomenon is unclear, but genetic factors or cases that can interfere with the cell's activity are likely to
occur in the cell nucleus. Researchers have emphasized the importance of preventive education. Many health problems, such as obesity,
cardiovascular disease, types of cancers and addiction present in most developing countries, are somehow associated with changes in the lifestyle
of those societies. In fact, it is better the treatment of early prevention and early detection, the easier and less costly treatment. In fact, the best
way to reduce the therapeutic profile of patients with severe illness is to transfer costs from the treatment to the prevention phase. Health education
is the most effective method to deal with this problem. One of the most important health education models is the Basnefe model, which relates
to awareness and thinking. Studies have shown that health education can enhance awareness and lifestyle to prevent cancer. Therefore, the
purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on the Basnefe model on lifestyle, awareness and preventive
behaviors of cancer in women in Rasht.
Methods: The present study was a semi–experimental research with pretest–posttest design and control group. This study was performed on
women in Rasht city (North of Iran) in 2018. A total of 80 volunteers were selected (mean age: 36.42), and they randomly were assigned in the
control group (n=40) and in the experimental group (n=40). To collect information, three questionnaires of awareness (including 10 questions,
researcher made), Miller and Smith's lifestyle (including 20 questions) and preventive behaviors (including 10 questions, researcher made) were
used. Groups first completed questionnaires. Then, for the experimental group, eight sessions of cancer prevention training were performed
based on the Basnefe model. After the training period, the questionnaires were completed by the two groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS–
22 software and ANCOVA.
Results: Descriptive findings showed that the mean level of awareness in the experimental group in the pre–test stage increases from 10.18 to
14.25 in comparison with the post–test. In addition, the mean of lifestyle in the experimental group in the pre–test phase compared to the post–
test decreased from 61.12 to 54.70, and the mean of preventive behaviors in the experimental group in the pre–test stage was from 23.87 to 28.58
that it has increased. The results of ANCOVA showed that the Basnefe model's educational intervention had a significant effect on lifestyle,
awareness and preventive behaviors of cancer in women (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that the education program based on the Basnefe model was an effective method in raising
awareness, improving lifestyle and promoting preventive behaviors of cancer in women.
