چكيده لاتين :
Introduction
Marginalization, end modern industrial civilization and one of the manifestations of rapid
urbanization is sad (Bane, 2002: 73). The marginalization of the urban environment is typical that
the number of households in the countryside, with inadequate housing, has created a unique
population center or town. In the culture of the city and urbanization, suburbanization is used
interchangeably with terms such as Slumdog (Shokoei, 2010: 15). An important feature of the
twentieth century, the population density in urban areas, socio-economic segregation in the lap of
cities, and the formation of social marginalization and the spread of urban pathologies (Kamandari,
2015: 105). Marginalization refers to a part of urban development without planning, control, and
compliance with town planning regulations by the mass of people who often poor and low-income
groups in urban and rural migrants are established. In marginalized communities born out of
heterogeneous urban growth; Crime and delinquency rates due to the high density of population,
poverty, and social as well as relief from the pressure of public opinion and official control, are
estimated to be high. In fact, we found that a significant proportion of marginalization - of informal
settlements - Bajrm and social damage there and in urban areas as urban Jrmzay islands, which are
the main sources of crime and delinquency. (Mozaffarizadeh, 2015: 209) Pathology urban
development, quality distribution of crime, disease, and civil unrest is discussed. Only in recent years
that as pathology urban rapid urban population of the world has been addressed. (Abrams, 1871:
330). The escalating crisis in Western and Third world cities, ecologists have determined the
research on several topics which include: poverty, crime, drug addiction, and social unrest. The
study concluded that most social pathologies of poverty than other factors in the development and
progression of social problems in cities becomes effective. Thus, in recognition of poverty in
troubled urban areas, measures such as family income, men in unskilled labor, education,
dilapidated, and unsanitary housing units used (Smith, 1973, 44). Marginalized areas in Kashan
peculiar geographical distribution and in the surrounding area and spread to different cities. Most of
these areas, low-income or no-income immigrants are the indicators of unemployment, illiteracy,
lack of skills, social frustration, addiction, and lack of supervision and care of families of crime
within cities. Despite these problems need to study the factors that influence crime shows. This study
seeks to identify and analyze the situation of marginalized social crimes Kashan to achieve this
important what the relationship between social crime and the causes of unemployment, illiteracy,
drug addiction, lack of sense of belonging, and family problems there?.
Methodology
The current study was a descriptive - research. Field research and data collection using
questionnaires and distribute them randomly in Kashan have been excluded. The population of the
research areas covered by the marginal areas, including households located in neighborhoods Lthr,
pumps and Gazrgah Farmhouse, Arab neighborhoods and towns that have a population of 9,500
people in February twenty-two picks. A sample application using Sample Power with a 95%
confidence level and 5% error 160 (family) were calculated. Sampling randomly distributed
according to the population of each neighborhood samples. To analyze the data, descriptive and
inferential statistical tests T-Test in SPSS software and to explain and model the effects of structural
equation modeling (SEM) in AMOS software was used. Cronbach's alpha was used to measure the
reliability of the test. The variables studied in this research are unemployment, illiteracy, lack of
supervision families, addiction and lack a sense of belonging that the alpha is calculated on the
amount 0.873 represents utility reliability.
Results and Discussion
In this section we analyze the data and responds to the assumptions of research on social factors of
crime in marginalized areas by using statistical analysis and structural equation modeling is
investigated. The first hypothesis of unemployment increased violence in marginalized areas is
evaluated to measure meaningful social effects of mass unemployment in marginalized areas onesample t-test was used. Since the indices of each factor were measured with the Likert scale, number
3 was considered as moderate, and data on each of the indices is measured with this number. In one
sample T-test assuming equal H0 indicates the number three (moderate) and H1 assume that the
inequality has been moderate; So if a significant indicator of the upper and lower limit values should
be used 1. If the lower and upper limits manner that is positive, the observed value is greater than the
average of the high and low level 2. When negative, the average value is smaller observed. As is
clear all social indicators on crime in urban areas and increase the impact of various crimes have
been marginalized communities. The results of tests T Table 2 shows that marginalization on social
crimes' positive influence on the amount of statistics T for each of the variables indicates that
residents of the areas mentioned, the role of unemployment on crime is very influential assessed.
The results of the model indicate that the social factors that influence crime in urban areas, which
indexes more important and more obvious effects than other parameters have been mentioned as the
structural model study of 24 significant change and 6 hidden variables are made up of. The results
show that the second-order factor model of illiteracy's highest load factor with 0.97 weight is
allocated to the crime affected more than any other factor.
Conclusion
The marginalization of the major challenges of urbanization in this era. But the problem in
underdeveloped and developing countries is growing day by day. However, a common feature and
characteristic of the inhabitants of these regions, often low-income and poor immigrants who
brought with them their poverty to the city rejected the city's environment, gradually unusual in the
suburbs and settlements that have been brought. On the one hand the lack of life and educational
centers and, on the other informal jobs, diseases, crime, drug addiction, theft, unemployment, and
segregation of urban normal conditions, the highlights of these areas. Today, elements of various
social hazards and crime in urban influences, including those factors are the contradictions of the
social and cultural density of excessive population, diversity of ethnic, cultural differences,
unemployment, poverty, family income and promote jobs unconventional noted that marginalization
and social crime is of increasing informal settlements contributed. T-test results indicated significant
social impact, is a crime in marginalized areas.The findings resulting from structural equation
modeling analysis shows that the index of illiteracy and low educated observations with the highest
load factor regression weights (0.97) is allocated in the crime. After the family base with regression
weights (0.95) in second place and two variables are unemployment and addiction associated with
regression weights (vary from 850) in third and fourth, and ultimately a lack of engagement with
regression weights (0.78) in fifth place, followed by a more detailed analysis of the indicators of the
fragmentation of families, dropout, failure and lack of family feelings, bad friends and steal most of
the crime in four suburbs of Kashan was diagnosed.
