جايگاه شناسي تربيت اخلاقي با عرضه حديث مكارم الاخلاق بر قرآن

Position recognition of Ethics training by offering the Hadith of Makarem al-akhlagh to Qur'an

در اين نوشتار جهت دستيابي به فهم صحيح از روايت معروف نبوي«إِنَّمَا بُعِثْتُ لِأُتَمِّمَ مَكَارِمَ الأَخْلاق»ضمن بررسي فقه الحديثي آن، سعي شده تا جايگاه صحيح اخلاق دررابطه با بعثت و دين تبيين گردد. با بررسي محتواي روايت به 2سوال اصلي زير پرداخته شده است: 1.با توجه به روايت بالا و عرضه آن به قرآن آيا هدف بعثت پيامبر فقط موضوع اخلاق است؟ 2.با استناد به روايت،آيا در تقسيم بندي دين، اخلاق بر عقايد و احكام برتري دارد؟ در پاسخ به سوال اول خانواده حديث مكارم الاخلاق تشكيل و روايت به قرآن عرضه شد.درنتيجه اهداف اصلي و متوسط بعثت از قرآن استخراج گرديد.ضمنا با توجه به واژه انّما در روايت نوع حصر بيان شد تا نتيجه گيري صحيح به مخاطب ارائه گردد. درخصوص سوال دوم، ضمن تبيين مفهوم اخلاق و تشريح رابطه درهم تنيده و موثر بين دين و اخلاق بيان شد كه اصل اين پرسش صحيح نيست؛ چرا كه عقايد،اخلاق و احكام با هم ممزوج بوده، يك مجموعه بهم پيوسته را شكل مي دهند و همگي جهت نيل به سعادت مهم هستند و اساسا اين سوال نشأت گرفته از تقسيم دين به سه گانه عقايد،احكام و اخلاق است كه بدليل همپوشاني داشتن بخشهاي آن، تقسيم بندي صحيحي نيست.

In this article, in order to gain a proper understanding of the famous prophetic narrative of " I was became prophet to complete Makarem al-akhalagh", while examining its hadith jurisprudence, it has attempted to find the correct position of ethics in relation to Bi'tha and religion. By examining the content of the narrative, the following two main questions are addressed: 1. According to the above narrative and its offering to the Holy Qur'an, is purpose of Bi'tha of the Prophet(s) just a matter of ethics? 2. Based on this narrative, in the division of religion, does ethics prefer to beliefs and Ahkam? In answer to the first question, the family of Makarem al-akhalagh hadith was formed and the hadith wad offered to Qur'an; as a result the main and intermediate goals of the Bi'tha were extracted from the Qur'an. Also, according to the word Ennama in the narrative, the type of monopoly was expressed in order to give correct conclusion to audience. Concerning the second question, while explaining the concept of ethics and explaining the intertwined and effective relationship between religion and ethics, it was stated that the principle of this question is not correct; since beliefs, ethics and Ahkam are intertwined and interconnected set. All in order to achieve to Happiness are important. Basically this question is because of dividing religion into triples of “beliefs, Ahkam and ethics” which isn’t a correct division due to its overlapping parts.