ﻗﻮم ﻫﺰاره در دورة ﮔﺬار (2019-2001م) ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎ و ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺶرو

ﻣﺴﺌﻠﮥ ﻋﺪم ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي و ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ از ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻫﻮﯾﺘﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ دﯾﻦ، زﺑﺎن و ﻗﻮﻣﯿﺖ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ دﯾﺮﭘﺎي ﻧﺎاﻣﻨﯽ و ﺑﺮوز اﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎت ﻣﯿﺎن ﻣﺮدم اﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ در ﺣﺎﻟﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ وﻗﻮع ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﻫﻤﭽﻮن وﺟﻮد ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺎن ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪه اﻗﻮام ﮐﻮﭼﮏﺗﺮ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻫﺰارهﻫﺎ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﺗﻔﺎوتﻫﺎي ﻗﻮﻣﯽ داراي ﺑﺮﺧﯽ اﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎت ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ، ﺑﺎ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎي ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﯽ ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. ﺑﻪﮔﻮﻧﻪاي ﮐﻪ در دورة اﻣﺎرت ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺎن، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﺸﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ آنﻫﺎ واردﺷﺪه و ﺑﺎوﺟﻮد ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﭘﺴﺎ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺎﻧﯽ، ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎن ﻫﺰارهﻫﺎ در دوره ﮔﺬار )ﭘﺲ از اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎت اﺧﯿﺮ رﯾﺎﺳﺖﺟﻤﻬﻮري( و ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻗﺪرتﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﺠﺪد ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺎن وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﺒﻬﻤﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﻣﻘﺎﻟﮥ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻫﺰارهﻫﺎ در دورة ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻮده و اﺻﻮﻻً ﻫﺰارهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻪ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎ و ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ؟ ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪ اﺻﻠﯽ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺰارهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎوﺟﻮد ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ اﻣﮑﺎن اﺷﺘﺮاك و ﺳﻬﻢﯾﺎﺑﯽ رﺳﻤﯽ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﻗﺪرت و ﺑﻪ رﺳﻤﯿﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪن ﻣﺬﻫﺐ ﺷﯿﻌﻪ، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﻀﻼﺗﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪات اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ و ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ روﺑﻪرو ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﮥ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖﻫﺎ و ﺟﺮﯾﺎنﻫﺎي ﺗﻨﺪرو در اﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ وﺟﻮد اﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎت ﻗﻮﻣﯽ- ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﺧﻮاﺳﺘﺎر ﺑﺎﻗﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﺪن ﻫﺰارهﻫﺎ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﺘﯽ و ﻗﻮﻣﯽ ﺧﻮد و ﻋﺪم ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺪﮔﯽ آنﻫﺎ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ اﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴﺘﺎن ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ.

Hazarah People in Transition Period, (2001-2019), The Challenges and Opportunities ahead. Lack of proper planning and utilization of different identity parameters like language and ethnicity on one hand it has caused strife and hostility among the Afghan people and on the other hand, factors such as the Taliban have made smaller ethnic groups like Hazarah People Which in addition to ethnic differences have some religious differences Face a double challenge. As In the Taliban Period, Most of the pressure was put on them and despite some post-Taliban developments Hazaras seem to be still in the current transition period (After the recent presidential election) and the issue of Taliban re-empowerment is ambiguous. In this paper By descriptive-analytical method Was asked how the state of the Hazaras was in the new Period and basically what opportunities and challenges do Hazarah People face? The basic assumption is that Hazara people Despite Opportunities like Possibility of formal participation in the political structure of power and Recognition of Shiite religion, they still face problems such as security threats and cultural challenges. The research finding is that Radical figures and currents in Afghanistan under pretexts such As with ethnic-religious differences, are Demanding to remaining Hazarah People in their traditional and ethnic structures and their lack of scattering in the Afghanistan society.