تأثير خستگي ناشي از يك جلسه تمرين شديد بر تعادل ايستا و پوياي كاراته كاهاي كاتا و كوميته مرد نخبه

The Effect of Fatigue on the Static and Dynamic Balance in Karate Kata and Kumite Elite Men

هدف: با توجه به اثر خستگي قامتي بر شركت در فعاليت‌هاي ورزشي و ايجاد اختلال در عملكرد حركتي، هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسي تأثير خستگي ناشي از يك جلسه تمرين شديد بر تعادل ايستا و پوياي كاراته‌كاهاي كاتا و كوميته مرد نخبه بود. روش‌ها: از درون جامعه آماري 20 نفره كاراته‌كاهاي كاتا و كوميته مرد تيم ملي كاراته در سال 95-1394، 16 آزمودني در دسترس با ميانگين سني 4/20±23/75 سال كه همگي سالم بودند، انتخاب شدند. تعادل ايستا و پويا قبل و بعد از اعمال يك جلسه تمرين شديد كاراته براي كاراته‌كاهاي تيم ملي اندازه‌گيري شد. شاخص‌هاي نوسانات قامتي شامل ميانگين تغييرات مركز فشار و سرعت تغييرات مركز فشار در جهات داخلي- خارجي و قدامي– خلفي، طي وضعيت ايستاده روي يك‌پا به‌عنوان شاخص تعادل ايستا اندازه‌گيري شد و به‌منظور ارزيابي وضعيت ثبات پاسچر پويا از آزمون فرود از پرش روي صفحه نيرو كيستلر با فركانس 1000 هرتز، استفاده شد. از آزمون تي وابسته براي مقايسه اثر خستگي بر كاتا و كوميته و از تحليل كوواريانس براي بررسي اثر خستگي در دو گروه كاتا و كوميته در سطح معناداري 0/05 استفاده شد. يافته‌ها: يافته‌هاي پژوهش نشان داد خستگي ناشي از يك جلسه تمرين شديد بر تعادل ايستا و پوياي كاراته‌كاهاي كاتا و كوميته مرد نخبه تأثيرگذار است (0/05

Objective: With regard to the effects of postural fatigue on the amount of participation in sport activities and as this may result in impaired motor functioning, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fatigue on static and dynamic balance in karate kata and kumite elite men. Methods: The statistical population consist of all karate kata and kumite National Karate team members in 2015-16, which involved 20 men. The sample of the study included 16 athletes with average age of 20.4 ± 23.75 years, all of whom were healthy. Static and dynamic balance was measured before and after the exercise protocol, including a severe karate training session. Static postural stability indices including mean center of pressure displacement (COP) and velocity of COP displacements (COP VEL) Direction of medial-lateral (ML) and anterior-posterior (AP), were measured in standing position on one leg. In order to evaluate the dynamic postural stability index (DPSI), the jump-landing task was used on the 1000-Hz Kistler force plate. Inferential statistics which were used to compare pre and post-test data in order to compare the effect of fatigue in kata and kumite groups at a significant level of 0.05, including paired samples t-test and covariance analysis. Results: The findings indicated that fatigue caused by intense training would significantly affect the static and dynamic balance in karate kata and kumite elite men (P<0.05). The kumite team had a better dynamic balance than the kata team (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it can be recommended that coaches and athletes consider the negative effects of fatigue in intensive training sessions on static and dynamic balance. Since practically there is not much differences between different exercise in kata and kumite. It is recommended that the exercise program be used to delay fatigue in order to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal damage.