كليدواژه :
قنات , وقف آباد , يزد , بازنمايي , سيدركن الدين
چكيده فارسي :
قنات وقف آباد با حدود 700 سال قدمت، تا اوايل قرن حاضر با سازوكار سنتي خود، آب مورد نياز آشاميدن و مصارف شهري شهر يزد را تامين مي كرد. تحولات ساليان اخير، تغييرات اقليمي، و تغيير در زيرساخت هاي شهر از جمله تامين آب آشاميدني از طريق شبكه لوله كشي شهري به تدريج نقش اين قنات را در زندگي مردم و فضاي شهري كمرنگ كرد. فقدان مستندات كافي درباره مسير دقيق اين قنات و سازه هاي آبي مرتبط با آن و ضرورت مستندسازي اين سازه تاريخي آبي و تبديل داده هاي شفاهي موجود به متني مكتوب درباره آن كه به نظر مي رسد واپسين سال هاي حيات خود را طي مي كند انگيزه انجام اين تحقيق شد. در اين پژوهش تلاش شده است پس از توضيح مختصري پيرامون قنات وقف آباد، مسيري از آن كه در شهر يزد واقع مي شده است در دو مقطع تاريخي يعني قرن هشتم هجري شمسي و عصر حاضر، بررسي و مطالعه شود. بدين منظور در وهله اول كتب و متون تاريخي پيرامون قنات وقف آباد و بناها و سازه هاي مرتبط با آن در شهر يزد مورد كنكاش قرار گرفته و سپس مطالعات انجام شده پيرامون حصار و محلات شهر يزد در قرن هشتم بررسي شده است. با توجه به داده هاي مذكور، تصوير فرضي دوبعدي و سه بعدي از شهر يزد در قرن هشتم ارائه و مسير قنات در آن بازنمايي شده است. در بخش دوم متون و اسناد مرتبط با قنات در عصر حاضر مطالعه شده و پس از بررسي وقف نامه ها و اسناد و مكتوبات پيرامون مسير قنات و سازه هاي آبي آن در يك صد سال اخير، با انجام بازديدهاي ميداني سعي در كشف و تدقيق مسير قنات شده و موقعيت سازه هاي مرتبط با قنات شناسايي شده اند. در جريان بازديدهاي ميداني با افراد مطلع و قديمي محلات مختلف يزد مصاحبه شده و با تطبيق اظهارات اين افراد با اسناد و گزارش هاي موجود، تلاش شده مسير اصلي قنات به صورت دقيق شناسايي شده و بر نقشه دوبعدي شهر يزد پياده شود.
چكيده لاتين :
The 700- year old Vaqfabad qanat supplied a part of the drinking water and irrigation of greenery of Yazd through
its traditional mechanism till the early years of the recent
century. Changes in climate, urban infrastructure including
urban water supply system as well as other changes reduced
the role of this qanat in the people’s life and urban space.
Lack of sufficient documents about the precise direction of
this qanat and its related hydraulic structures and the urgent
need for documentation of its tangible and intangible aspects
as well as documentation of this oral knowledge especially
when this qanat is at its ending years ended in carrying out the
present research. This paper tries to provide a brief history
of Vaqfabad qanat and the direction which passed through
the city of Yazd in two historical periods, i.e., 8th and 14th
centuries Hegira. In doing so, first of all, historical books and
texts about Vaqfabad qanat and other related structures in
Yazd were investigated. Later, to have a better understanding
of the spatial structure of city of Yazd in the 8th century,
researches on city wall and its neighbourhoods in the said
century were examined. With regard to the generated data, a
two-dimensional image and then a three-dimensional one of the city in the 8th century H. were produced through which
the direction of the qanat re-identified. In the second part,
texts and documents related to the same qanat in the present
century Hegira were also studied. Later, deeds of endowment
(VAQF), documents and writings about the direction of qanat
and its hydraulic structures within the recent century as well
as field investigations for finding the precise direction of the
qanat led in positioning the direction and situation of other
relevant structures. During the field investigations, number
of interviews have been done with knowledgeable persons
and elders of different neighbourhoods of Yazd. Next, these
interviews were compared with the existing documents
and reports. We tried to identify the main direction of the
qanat and overlap it on the two-dimensional map of the city.
This article provides not only the most precise direction of Vaqfabad qanat in city of Yazd and its related hydraulic
structures and overlapping it on the present map of the city,
but also a hypothetical image of Yazd in the 8th century H.
was generated based on situation of its historical structures
including fortification and other places. Afterwards, the
direction of qanat in the said century was overlapped on
the hypothetical map the city of the same time. Considering
the fact that no documented research about the simulation
modelling of Yazd in the 8th century has been done, this
research has been carried out through similar researches
for other cities of Iran and/or abroad as well as documents
concerning the spatial structure of Yazd.
