كليدواژه :
جي باستان , تعيين حريم , بقعۀ راشد باالله , تپۀ اشرف , پل شهرستان , روش شناسي
چكيده فارسي :
جي باستان در شمال زاينده رود و در شرق اصفهان در پهنه اي وسيع گسترده شده، و نشانه هاي فراواني از ساختار زيستي اصفهان پيش از اسلام را در خود دارد. جابجايي هسته شهر از جي به يهوديه، اندك اندك تصوير شهرستان كهن را از خاطر جمعي زدود و از آن پس يگانه سند مدنيت باستاني اين شهر، مهجور و محقر در حاشيه شرقي به حيات خود ادامه داد. شكوه تمدن صفوي و عظمت آثار تاريخي بازمانده اين خاندان در اصفهان بخش اصلي توجهات علمي و پژوهشي را به خود معطوف داشت. اين امر در كنار جدا افتادگي فيزيكي شهرستان از مركز توسعه تاريخي شهر موجب ناشناس ماندن و بي توجهي به ميراث فرهنگي ارزشمند نهفته در ساختار آن شد. به صورتي كه در سال هاي پاياني دهه 1370 و نيمه اول دهه 1380 كه توسعه مدرن شهر رو به سوي شرق نهاد، تصوري از اهميت تاريخي اين منطقه در ذهن مديريت اجرايي شهر وجود نداشت. در چنين شرايطي از يك سو عدم شناخت و محدود بودن دانسته ها و از ديگر سو افزايش سرسام آور قيمت زمين چالش بزرگي را براي حفاظت جي باستان در برابر توسعه ناپايدار پيش رو قرار داده بود. بنابراين تدوين و ارائه مجموع هاي از قوانين در قالب ضوابط حريم، فوري ترين ابزار براي كنترل سوداگري به حساب مي آمد. در اين نوشتار ابتدا تاريخچه كوتاهي از جي باستان ارائه و پس از آن شواهد معماري و شهرسازي بازمانده از اين تمدن معرفي خواهد شد، و سپس به روش شناسي تعيين حريم محوطه پرداخته مي شود. محدوده شارستان كه نشان فيزيكي از آن بر جا نمانده، با بررسي استخوان بندي معابر و مسيرهاي جريان آب، عناوين كهن گذرها و محلات و تطبيق نقشه هاي دوره هاي مختلف مشخص گرديد. همچنين با مطالعه و بررسي كشتخوان هاي اطراف شارستان، نحوه تقسيم آب و مصاحبه با كشاورزان منطقه بر اهميت حفاظت ميراث كشاورزي جي و لحاظ نمودن آن در حريم تاكيد گرديد. نكته مهم در اين ميان متدولوژي اختيار شده براي يك حفاظت فوري و تصويب ضوابط براي ايجاد وقفه در حركت شديد توسعه است. و اينكه چگونه بدون كاو ش هاي مفصل باستان شناسي كه نياز به زمان بسيار دارد، و تنها بر اساس قراين و نشانه هاي موجود بر روي خاك در چنين محوطه اي ضوابط و قوانين حفاظت معين و تصويب گرديد.
چكيده لاتين :
The ancient Jey, in Isfahan, enjoys lots of things left from the pre-Islamic period. After dislocation of the city centre
from to Yahādāyeh Neighbourhood, this town gradually lost its development and remained as a village at the eastern margin of the city and away from the historical growth.
Anonymity and negligence in the cultural heritage of Jey,
through centuries, led in the urban management’s inattention
to the importance of this historical-natural site. In the second
half of the 1990’s, due to the growth of overhead costs of
the projects as well as about rise of high-rise building
construction, a large part of the agricultural fields of the region
has been destroyed and irreversible damages incurred into
the historical centre of the Ancient Jey. At the same time, the
Comprehensive Planning project of the region neglected the
historical-natural aspect of the area and prominent historical
properties, as cultural heritage, of the region, were limited
and abandoned as forgotten islands. As a consequence, in
winter 2003, ICHHTO provincial office in Isfahan prepared
a very urgent project to determine the buffer zone of Jey. The
project tried to follow two main objectives: 1. scientific reconnaissance and clarification of the
significance of this historical-natural landscape in
development and transition of Isfahan for the city managers.
2. Safeguarding of agricultural heritage, historical
properties, natural resources and the urban structure of the
town against insecure development under a series of safety
recommendations and laws.
Determination of the buffer zone of the historical-natural
landscape of the ancient Jey engages with numerous
conservation and heritage concepts: on-ground and underground
architectural and urban properties, water irrigation
system and traditional agriculture, and specific topography
of the land along with the river. Due to lack of archaeological
excavation as for massive expenditure and time, first of all,
careful fieldwork was carried out. Then, the updated and
old maps have been compared with existing conditions.
They have also been juxtaposed with historical documents
and texts. In this way, the general structural basics of the
ancient Jey especially the town and its suburbs have been
identified. In the second phase, for providing a precise limit
of the buffer zone, the following points have been taken
into consideration: the traditional system of the Iranian urban planning, historians’ descriptions, examination
of passageways, a method of land plotting, singling out residential places from the urban agricultural areas. At the
final stage, a series of field investigations and interviews
have been carried out carried out. The agricultural systems
and the range of cultural impact of the town have been
studied. Determination of the buffer zone aims in identifying
the cultural assets and providing a document which may
extend the lifespan of the properties. The first phase is
precise reconnaissance, examination and documentation of
the site. In this way, one can foresee future safeguarding
circumstances. In the same phase, values and factors that
are instrumental in forming identity are defined. The second
phase engages with management, planning and setting limits
for the regulations. It should be kept in mind that the limits
which are based on natural and historical specifications
are more stable. The buffer zone and its deferent layers are
determined based on the very primary reconnaissance and
discernment of range of impact of the property. The third
phase is to determine the regulations within the defined
limits. The regulations for Jey’s buffer zone are divided into
two groups of regulations: prohibitive and didactic. The best time to determine a buffer zone of a historical property is before conducting an urban comprehensive planning project
as there exists enough time for carrying out archaeological
sounding, documentation and providing an estimation of
threads and opportunities.
