بررسي و تحليل نتايج خصوصي‌سازي در شركت‌هاي بيمه البرز، آسيا و دانا با رويكرد سنجش عملكرد

Analysis of the result of privatization in Asia, Alborz & Dana insurance company based on performance evaluation

ﻃﻲ ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي اﺧﻴﺮ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ واﮔﺬاري ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻳﻲ از اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻛﺸﻮر ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ ﺑﻮدهاﻳﻢ. ﻳﻜﻲ از ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻌﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻃﻲ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎل ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ وارد ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ ﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. روش ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲﺳﺎزي ﺑﺎ واﮔﺬاري ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻤﻪ دوﻟﺘﻲ از ﺳﺎل 1388، ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺟﺮاي ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻛﻠﻲ اﺻﻞ 44 ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺷﺮوع ﺷﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻤﻪ اﻟﺒﺮز، آﺳﻴﺎ و داﻧﺎ ﺳﻬﺎم ﺧﻮد را ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ واﮔﺬار ﻛﺮدهاﻧﺪ. در اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻗﺼﺪ ﺑﺮ آن ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ اﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ را ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲﺳﺎزي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار دﻫﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از واﮔﺬاريﺷﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ را ﺑﺴﻨﺠﻴﻢ. ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر، اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي روش ﻛﺎرت اﻣﺘﻴﺎزي ﻣﺘﻮازن، ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻤﻪ از ﭼﻬﺎر دﻳﺪﮔﺎه ﻣﺎﻟﻲ، ﺑﺎزار و ﻣﺸﺘﺮي،ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ و رﺷﺪ و ﻳﺎدﮔﻴﺮي ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ دادهﻫﺎي دو ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ آﺳﻴﺎ و اﻟﺒﺮز ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ دو دوره ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲﺳﺎزي و دادهﻫﺎي ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ داﻧﺎ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ دوره ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲﺳﺎزي ﮔﺮدآوري ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ TOPSIS ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ اﻟﺒﺮز ﻗﺒﻞ از ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲﺳﺎزي ﺑﻬﺘﺮ از ﺑﻌﺪ از آن ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻤﻪ آﺳﻴﺎ و داﻧﺎ ﭘﺲ از ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲﺳﺎزي ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺑﻬﺘﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ از آن داﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ.

In recent years, Iran has witnessed transferring of some economic parts to private sector. One of the industries that treaded into privatization field in the last few years, is the insurance industry. Privatization began in 2009 by transferring ownership of public insurance companies based on the act passed to define method of executing general policies of principle 44 of constitution and on this basis, Alborz Insurance Company, Asia Insurance Company and Dana Insurance Company one after the other transferred their stocks to private sector. This research aims at studying condition of these companies after privatization to assess the outcomes of such transfer. For this purpose, first, based on balanced scorecard, performance assessment indicators of insurance companies were identified and divided into two qualitative and quantitative groups from the viewpoints of finance, market, customer, internal processes, growth and learning. Next, from Asia and Alborz Insurance Companies, data pertaining to two period of times before and after privatization were collected and from Dana Insurance Company, data pertaining to one period of time before and after privatization were collected. Data were next analyzed using TOPSIS technique. Analysis of quantitative data showed that performance of Alborz Insurance Company proved to be better prior to privatization, while Dana and Asia Insurance Companies showed an improvement in performance after privatization.