اﺛﺮ ﮐﻮدﻫﺎي آﻟﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﻠﺮﻧﮓ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﮐﻢ آﺑﯿﺎري و آﺑﯿﺎري ﮐﺎﻣﻞ

Effect of organic fertilizers on yield and yield components of safflower in limited and full irrigation condition

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﺛﺮ ﮐﻮدﻫﺎي آﻟﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﻠﺮﻧﮓ، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪي ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ واﺣﺪ ﺷﯿﺮوان در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1391-92 اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ورﻣﯽ ﮐﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ، ﮐﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ زﺑﺎﻟﻪي ﺷﻬﺮي، ﮐﻮد ﮔﺎوي ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﭘﻮﺳﯿﺪه و ﮐﻮد ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ در دو ﻣﺤﯿﻂ آﺑﯿﺎري ﮐﺎﻣﻞ و ﮐﻢ آﺑﯿﺎري اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﺮتﻫﺎي ﺧﺮد ﺷﺪه در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎر آﺑﯿﺎري در ﮐﺮتﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ و ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﮐﻮدي در ﮐﺮتﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ آﺑﯿﺎري ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﮐﻮد ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ، 50 ﺗﻦ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﮐﻮد داﻣﯽ، 10 ﺗﻦ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ورﻣﯽ ﮐﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ و 5 ﺗﻦ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﮐﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ زﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺷﻬﺮي ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻨﺪ و در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 25/9%، 18/4%، 17/4% و 15% اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ. در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﮐﻢ آﺑﯿﺎري اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از 15 ﺗﻦ ﮐﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ زﺑﺎﻟﻪي ﺷﻬﺮي در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻧﻤﻮد و در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﮐﻮد ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ 25/7% اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﺷﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ آﺑﯿﺎري ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺼﺮف 5 ﺗﻦ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﮐﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ زﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺷﻬﺮي و در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﮐﻢ آﺑﯿﺎري ﻣﺼﺮف 15 ﺗﻦ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﮐﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ زﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺷﻬﺮي ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﯽ داده اﺳﺖ و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در زراﻋﺖ ﮔﻠﺮﻧﮓ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

This study was conducted in Islamic Azad University, Shirvan branch during the growing year in 2012-2013 to determine the effect of organic fertilizers on yield and yield components of safflower. The treatments consisted of vermicompost, urban waste compost, cow manure and chemical fertilizer which were applied in two full and limited irrigated conditions. The experiment was conducted in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Irrigation and fertilizer treatments were conducted in main plot and sub-plot, respectively. The highest seed yield in full irrigated condition obtained from chemical fertilizer, 50 t/h cow manure, 10 t/h vermicompost and