بررسي شادماني به عنوان يكي از شاخص هاي سلامت روان در دانشجويان دندان پزشكي كرمان در سال 97-1396: يك گزارش كوتاه

A Survey on Happiness as a Component of Mental Health in Kerman Dental Students in 2017-2018: A Short Report

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﻧﺸﺎط ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي اﺳﺎﺳﯽ اﻧﺴﺎن و از ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺷﺎدﻣﺎﻧﯽ در داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن داﻧﺸﮑﺪه دﻧﺪانﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﮐﺮﻣﺎن اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ، ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن دﻧﺪانﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﮐﺮﻣﺎن در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 1396-97 ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻤﻊآوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت از ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺎدﻣﺎﻧﯽ اﮐﺴﻔﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ و 241 داﻧﺸﺠﻮ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﻃﺒﻘﻪاي ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ و ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي -Mann Whitney و Kruskal-Wallis آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: 151 ﻧﻔﺮ )62/7 درﺻﺪ( از داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن دﺧﺘﺮ و 90 ﻧﻔﺮ )37/3 درﺻﺪ( ﭘﺴﺮ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮه ﺷﺎدﻣﺎﻧﯽ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن 40/04±0/78 ﺑﻮد. ﻧﻤﺮه ﺷﺎدﻣﺎﻧﯽ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ )0/779=P(، ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ )0/092=P(، وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺗﺄﻫﻞ )0/865=P( و ﻣﺤﻞ ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺖ )0/425=P( ارﺗﺒﺎط آﻣﺎري ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﻧﺸﺎن ﻧﺪاد. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺷﺎدﻣﺎﻧﯽ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻟﯽ ﺑﻮد، اﻣﺎ ﺟﻬﺖ ارﺗﻘﺎء ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﯿﻠﯽ ﺧﻮب ﺗﺪاﺑﯿﺮ ﻻزم ﺑﺎﯾﺴﺘﯽ اﺗﺨﺎذ ﮔﺮدد.

Background and Objectives: Happiness is one of the basic human needs and a component of mental health which is the cause of increase of social capital. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of happiness in students of Kerman Dental School. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, the statistical population included students of Kerman Dental School in the academic year 2017-2018. Oxford Happiness Questionnaire was used to collect data and 241 students who were selected randomly with the proportionate stratification method participated in the study. Data analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H tests. Results: 151 (62.7%) of the students were girls and 90 (37.3%) were boys. The mean score of student's happiness was 40.04±0.78. Students' happiness status in different demographic variables such as gender (p=0.779), academic year (p=0.092), marital status (p=0.865) and residence (p=0.425) did not show any significant difference. Conclusion: The happiness status of Kerman Dental students was at an acceptable level, but necessary measures must be taken to upgrade it to the excellent level.