ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻄﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ

Assessing supply and demand of medicinal plants in Shiraz apothecaries

ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻭ ﻫﺪﻑ: ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺗﻨﻮﻉ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻱ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﻄﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻭ ﺑـﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳـﻨﺘﻲ ﻛـﻪ ﻣﺤـﻞ ﻋﺮﺿـﻪ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺩﻭﻳﻪ ﺟﺎﺕ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺣﺎﻛﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻗﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻳﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺳﻠﻴﻘﻪ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺟﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﺼـﺮﻑ ﮔﻴﺎﻫـﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳـﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ- ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ، ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻭ ﻧﻮﻉ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻄﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻨﺶ ﻋﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﺑﻮﺩ. ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎ: ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ 247 ﻋﻄﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﺟﺪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠـﺎﻡ ﮔﺮﻓـﺖ . ﺍﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃـﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻴﺒـﻞ ﻭﺿـﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻓﺮﻭﺷﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻄﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺷﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻋﻄﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪ. ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺳﻨﻲ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻄﺎﺭﻱ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 39 ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ19 ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ7 ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓـﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﺤﺼـﻴﻼﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ. ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 55 ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻼﺕ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ 24 ﺩﺭﺻﺪ، ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻛﺴﺐ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻧـﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻄﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﺎ )48 ﺩﺭﺻـﺪ ( ﺍﺯ ﻃﺒﻘـﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩﻱ ﺿـﻌﻴﻒ ﺟﺎﻣﻌـﻪ ﻫﺴـﺘﻨﺪ . ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧـﻪ، ﮔـﻞ ﮔـﺎ ﻭ ﺯﺑـﺎﻥ، ﺍﺳـﻄﻮﺧﻮﺩﻭﺱ، ﺧﺎﻛﺸـﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﭼـﻴﻦ ﭘﺮﻓﺮﻭﺷﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻄﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻞ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻄﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﻣﻌﺪﻩ، ﺳـﺮﻣﺎﺧﻮﺭﺩﮔﻲ، ﺑﻴﻤـﺎﺭﻱ ﻫـﺎﻱ ﺍﻋﺼـﺎﺏ،ﭼﺮﺑﻲ ﻭ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﺧﻮﻥ ﺑﻮﺩ. ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻄﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ. ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ: ﺑﻨﻈﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺭﺳﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﻳـﺰﻱ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳـﺖ ﮔـﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﺸﺖ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻓﺮﻭﺷﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ.

Background and Purpose: Fars province has a desirable condition in terms of diversity of medicinal plants and existing numerous apothecary and traditional medicinal plants market shows the people attention to the medicinal plants. Recognition of communities taste and approach to the medicinal plants can be a good guide for planners and policy makers in the pharmaceutical industry. The aim of this study was to determine the socio-economic characteristics, distribution, and consumption of medicinal plants in Shiraz apothecaries in order to obtain objective information and insight on the status of the use of medicinal plants. Methods and Materials: This research survey was conducted on 247 qualified apothecaries in Shiraz. Relevant information including socio-economic status sellers and also the most important plants in apothecary were obtained through a questionnaire of medicinal herbs sellers. Conclusion: It seems that the use of medicinal plants in Fars province has desirable conditions. It recommended that the needed planning and policy for medicinal plants cultivation and also providing training courses for sellers in the province be considered. Results: The results showed that average age of the individuals was about 39 years with work experience of about 19 years that only about 7% of them have relation education to medicinal plants. About 55 percent of them have college education and only 24 percent gained their drug information through the study. Most people referred to apothecary (48 percent) were from poor economic class society. Chamomile, borage, lavender, descurainia and cinnamon are the best-selling medicinal plants in Shiraz apothecaries. Most of referring to the medicinal herbs sellers in Shiraz are stomach problems, colds, diseases of the nerves, fat and blood pressure. More existing plants in Shiraz apothecaries are prepared from the Fars province.