كليدواژه :
انيميشن كوتاه , سورئاليسم , سورئاليسم , اقتباس , شعر , تانت ميو , روبردسنوس , گيوم آپولينر , ژاك پر ور , پل الوار
چكيده فارسي :
اقتباس از امر ادبي(شعر) به امر فيلميك(انيميشن)از دغدغه هاي اين پژوهش مي باشد. هدف از اين تحقيق، شناسايي مفهوم شعر و بررسي جنبش شعر سورئاليسم و چهار شاعر مطرح آن در اوايل قرن بيستم فرانسه براي تحليل چگونگي انتقال كلمات و تعابير ادبي آنها در شكل تصويري آثار كمپاني «تانت ميو» است. بررسي امر اقتباس در گذرگاه سينما و مؤلفه هاي كاربردي آن جهت درك بهتر موضوع و همچنين نقش كارگردان در اين مسير از اصلي ترين موارد مطرح شده مي باشند. بر طبق فرض اوليه، انيميشن رسانه اي ارجح براي بازنمايي شعر است كه دليل آن قدرت خيال در خلق روايت هايي است كه پيش از آن در شعر با زباني فراتر از معني معمول واژگان به زبان آمده است. در اين پژوهش با تحقيق كتابخانه اي و دريافت چهار فصل از مجموعه انيميشن هاي 13 قسمتي كمپاني مذكور از تهيه كننده فرانسوي آن و همچنين ترجمه اشعار و مصاحبه ها از زبان فرانسه به فارسي توسط پژوهشگران، سعي شده است كه رابطه اي ميان انيميشن و شعر برقرار كرده و به تحليل آثار مربوطه پرداخته شود. نتايج به دست آمده، نمايش خصوصيات منحصر به فرد انيميشن و روند اقتباس بين دو رسانه است كه در نهايت به ما تصويري واضح تر از چگونگي اجراي موفق اين روند مي دهد.
چكيده لاتين :
The adaptation of literature in form of poetry to animation
film is the main concern of this research. The purpose of
this study is at first, to identify the concept of poetry and
subsequently to examine the movement of surrealism poetry
and its four outstanding poets, in the early 20th century
in France to analyze how their words are translated into
the image in the works of the Tant Mieux Prod company.
France Télévisions and Tant Mieux Prod have invested in
this project by focusing on the work of Jacques Prévert,
Robert Desnos, Guillaume Apollinaire and Paul Éluard.
An ode to poetry, the aim of the series En Sortant de
l’École is to celebrate the prose of French poets who
made an impact during their lifetime. Launching the first
season with a tribute to the free and pioneering spirit of
Jacques Prévert, En Sortant de l’École associated thirteen
of his poems with the talents of young filmmakers, fresh
out of French animation schools that generated short films
embodying Prévert’s verses with their widely different approaches
to the medium and with their own graphic creations.
Like other forms of literature, poetry may seek to tell a
story, enact a drama, convey ideas, offer vivid, unique
description or express our inward spiritual, emotional, or
psychological states. Yet, poetry pays particularly close
attention to words themselves: their sounds, textures, patterns,
and meanings. As a result, it would be difficult to
analyze a poem’s words regardless of the poet’s period
and life. That is necessary for the director to have a good
understanding of this matter to be able to direct a movie in
a way that would be comprehensible for the audience too.
In this research, with a library-based study in the theory
of adaptation and film-making, and also the translation of
poems and interviews from French to Persian, it has been
attempted to find the relationship between animation and
poetry.
According to the original assumption, animation medium
is preferred to represent poetry, which is due to the power
of imagination in the creation of narratives which pursue
a structure different than the usual use of language. The
other major discussions, are the director’s role and the
process of adaptation in the cinema in order to make the
readers able to understand this process better which will
prepare a basis for the final section of this research.
To the purpose of analysis of the short animations of
each collections, it would be quite inevitable to study and
understand the period, life and background of the poet.
Therefore, after reading the translation of the poem, one
can adequately understand the atmosphere of the poem
and its meaning.
Consequently, with these knowledges it would be less
complicated to watch the final short animations and having
an opinion about the successfulness of the works. The
results would give us a clearer picture of how the adaptation
process in animation from poetry could be done and
what would be the real problems that should be taken into
account.
