اثرات ضد ميكروبي پلاسماي سرد بر روي باكتري بيماري زاي سالمونلا انتريتيديس موجود بر روي پوسته تخم مرغ

Antimicrobial Effects of Cold Plasma on the Pathogenic Bacterium Salmonella enteritidis Existed on the Egg Shell

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎي ﺳﺮد ﯾﺎ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎي ﻏﯿﺮ ﺣﺮارﺗﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ از روش ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮآوري ﻣﻮاد ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻏﯿﺮ ﻓﻌﺎل ﺳﺎزي ﻣﯿﮑﺮوارﮔﺎﻧﯿﺴﻢ ﻫﺎي ﭘﺎﺗﻮژن و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﻣﻮاد ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد. ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎي ﺳﺮد ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻓﻌﺎل ﺳﺎزي ﻃﯿﻒ ﮔﺴﺘﺮده اي از ﻣﯿﮑﺮوارﮔﺎﻧﯿﺴﻢ ﻫﺎ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﺑﺪون اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰﺑﺎن و ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﻟﻢ آﺳﯿﺐ ﺑﺒﯿﻨﺪ. ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ روش ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎي ﺳﺮد ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻮﻧﻼ اﻧﺘﺮﯾﺘﯿﺪﯾﺲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﺮ روي ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ي ﺗﺨﻢ ﻣﺮغ، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ زﻣﺎن ﻗﺮارﮔﯿﺮي در ﻣﻌﺮض ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎ و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﮔﺎز ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ ﺷﺪه ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ: در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎي ﺳﺮد اﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮي ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت ﺷﺎرش 3 ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ دﻗﯿﻘﻪ و ﮔﺎز آرﮔﻮن و آرﮔﻮن ﺣﺎوي 5% اﮐﺴﯿﮋن در ﺳﻪ زﻣﺎن ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺮ ﻏﯿﺮﻓﻌﺎل ﺳﺎزي ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻮﻧﻼ اﻧﺘﺮﯾﺘﯿﺪﯾﺲ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: اﺛﺮ ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﮔﺎز آرﮔﻮن ﺑﺮ روي ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻮﻧﻼ اﻧﺘﺮﯾﺘﯿﺪﯾﺲ در زﻣﺎن ﻫﺎي 1، 3 و 6 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 4/490، 3/948، 0 cfu/ml در ﺳﻄﺢ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل 1% ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري را ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﺛﺮ ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﮔﺎز آرﮔﻮن ﺣﺎوي 5% اﮐﺴﯿﮋن ﺑﺮ روي ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻮﻧﻼ اﻧﺘﺮﯾﺘﯿﺪﯾﺲ در زﻣﺎن ﻫﺎي 1، 3 و 6 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 4/559، 4/226، 0 cfu/ml ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺳﯿﺮ ﻧﺰوﻟﯽ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري را در ﺳﻄﺢ آﻣﺎري 1% ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: داده ﻫﺎي ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮات ﻧﻮع ﮔﺎز، زﻣﺎن ﺗﺎﺑﺶ و اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ آﻧﻬﺎ، ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﻣﻮرد آزﻣﻮن )در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎري 0/01

Cold plasma or non-thermal plasma technology is one of the methods of food processing that is used to inactivate pathogen microorganisms and improve food safety. Cold plasma can affect the inactivation of a wide range of microorganisms, without harming the host and healthy tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cold plasma directly on reducing the numbers of Salmonella enteritidis on egg shell and also to determine the effect of plasma exposure time and the composition of the injected gas. Materials and Methods: In this study, the effect of cold atmospheric plasma radiation of argon and argon containing 5% oxygen gas, at the rate of 3 liters / min, and at three different times on inactivation of Salmonella enteritidis was investigated. Results: The effect of argon gas radiation for 1, 3 and 6 minutes on the reduction of salmonella enteritidis numbers being 4.490, 3.948, 0 cfu /ml respectively, was significant at 1% probability level. Also, the radiation effect of argon containing 5% oxygen at 1, 3 and 6 minutes,on reduction of Salmonella enteritidis numbers was 4.559, 4.226 and 0 cfu /ml, respectively. Both groups of the treatments caused a significant decreasing trend at the statistical level of 1% as compared to the control sample. Conclusion: The obtained data indicated that the effects of the gas type, as well as the irradiation time and their interaction on the tested bacterium were statistically significant at p>0/01 as compared to the control.