مقايسه اثر سويه وحشي سودوموناس مندوسينا و سويه تراريخت با قابليت توليد ACC دآميناز بالا بر تحريك جوانه زني بذر و رشد گياهان گوجه فرنگي و گندم

A Comparative Study on the Effects of Wild form and Transformant Pseudomonas mendocina With Enhanced ACC Deaminase Production on Seed Germination and Growth of Tomato and Wheat Plants

آنزيم آمينوسيكلوپروپان كربوكسيلات دآميناز با كاهش توليد اتيلن در گياه، سبب افزايش رشد مي‌گردد. دراين ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، اﺛﺮ ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮﯾﻪ ﺗﺮارﯾﺨﺖ ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎس ﻣﻨﺪوﺳﯿﻨﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ اﯾﻦ آﻧﺰﯾﻢ، ﺑﺮ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ ﺑﺬر دو ﮔﯿﺎه ﺗﮏﻟﭙﻪ و دوﻟﭙﻪ در ﭘﺘﺮي و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ رﺷﺪ در ﮔﻠﺪان ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﻇﺮوف ﭘﺘﺮي ﺣﺎوي ﺑﺬور ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ و ﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﻪ 3 ﮔﺮوه 5 ﺗﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ.ﻋﻤﻖ آﺑﯿﺎري ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي روزاﻧﻪ 10 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﻇﺮف و ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر آﺑﯿﺎري ﺑﺎ آب ﻣﻘﻄﺮ، آب ﺣﺎوي ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي وﺣﺸﯽ و آب ﺣﺎوي ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﺗﺮارﯾﺨﺖ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﻪﺗﺪرﯾﺞ ﻃﯽ 5 روز ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺟﻬﺖ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي روي ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ رﺷﺪ ﮔﻨﺪم و ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ، ﺟﻮاﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻫﻢاﻧﺪازه اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و در ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻠﺪان ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ، ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي وﺣﺸﯽ و ﺗﺮارﯾﺨﺖ ﮐﺎﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭘﺲ از ﮔﺬﺷﺖ 5 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ از رﺷﺪ، ﺳﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻃﻮل ﺳﺎﻗﻪ، ﻃﻮل رﯾﺸﻪ و ﺑﯿﻮﻣﺲ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ. در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺬر، ﻃﻮل ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﺗﺮارﯾﺨﺖ )ﺗﺴﺖ( 50±2% ﺑﯿﺶ از ﻃﻮل ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ و 31/2±3% ﺑﯿﺶ از ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي وﺣﺸﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﻃﻮل رﯾﺸﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﺴﺖ28/6±1% ﺑﯿﺶ از ﺷﺎﻫﺪ و ﺑﯿﻮﻣﺲ ﺗﺴﺖ34/1±3% ﺑﯿﺶ از ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد )p<0.05(. در ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ، ﻃﻮل ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ ﺗﺴﺖ در ﮔﻠﺪان50±2% ﺑﯿﺶ از ﻃﻮل ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ و31/2±1% ﺑﯿﺶ از ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي وﺣﺸﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﻃﻮل رﯾﺸﻪ ﺗﺴﺖ،28/6±4% ﺑﯿﺶ از ﺷﺎﻫﺪ و ﺑﯿﻮﻣﺲ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ34/1±3% ﺑﯿﺶ ازﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد)p<0/05(. ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎس ﻣﻨﺪوﺳﯿﻨﺎ ﺗﺮارﯾﺨﺖ ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺳﺒﺐ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ رﺷﺪ ﺑﺬر و ﮔﯿﺎه از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻃﻮل ﺳﺎﻗﻪ، ﻃﻮل رﯾﺸﻪ و ﺑﯿﻮﻣﺲ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺗﻤﺎم ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪه در ﺑﺬر و ﮔﯿﺎه ﮔﻮﺟﻪﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ ﺑﯿﺶ از ﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﻮد.

Amino cyclopropane carboxylate (ACC) deaminase enzyme can increase plant growth by reducing the ethylene production in plants. In this study the effect of genetically modified strain of Pseudomonas mendocina with enhanced enzyme production property was evaluated on the seed germination of monocots and dicot plants in petries and also on the stimulation of plant growth in pots. Petries containing tomato and wheat seeds were divided into 3 groups of 5. All petries were irrigated with 10 ml of any distilled water, water containing wild and transgenic strains for 5 days, gradually. In stimulating growth study by the bacterium on the growth of tomato and wheat plants, the same-sized plants were selected and divided into three pots groups consisting of control, wild and transgenic. After 5 weeks of growth, stem length, root length and biomass content were assessed. Results of the tests showed that, stem lengths of tomato seedlings inoculated with genetically modified bacteria (test) were 50±2% more than stem lengths of control and 31.2±3% more than the samples inoculated with wild bacteria. Root lengths of the test samples were 28.6±1% more than those of the control and biomass quantities of the test were 34.1±3% more than those of the control (p<0.05). Results of the experiments revealed that shoot lengths of test tomatoes in pots were 50±2% more than stem lengths of the control and were 31.2±1% more than stem lengths of the sample inoculated by wild bacteria. The root lengths of the test tomatoes were 28.6±4% more than those of the control and biomass quantities of the test tomatoes were 34.1±3% more than those of the control (p<0.05). The results of experiments on seeds and wheat plant inoculated by genetically modified P. mendocina revealed that the bacterium significantly promoted the growth and biomass in comparison with the wild samples. All the properties measured on tomato seeds and plants were higher than those of wheat.