بررسي تأثير ارتقاء سيستم تهويه بر عملكرد كارگران شاغل يك كارخانه ريسندگي در شهرستان قم

Investigating the impacts of improving ventilation system on human performance and efficiency in one of the generation unit in the spinning industry in Qom

مقدمه: تهويه يكي از مهم‌ترين فاكتورهاي تأثيرگذار بر عملكرد و كارايي توليد بوده كه با كاهش بار آلاينده‌ها و يا حرارت مي‌تواند اين نقش مهم را ايفا نمايد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعيين ميزان تأثير ارتقاء سيستم تهويه بر كارايي و عملكرد توليد در يك شركت ريسندگي صورت گرفت. روش كار: داده‌هاي اين مطالعه توصيفي تحليلي از طريق اندازه‌گيري پارامترهاي محيطي (دماي خشك، تر و رطوبت هوا) مورد سنجش و جهت ارزيابي شاخص عدم آسايش حرارتي (DI) مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. به‌منظور تخمين اثربخشي عملكرد سيستم تهويه، داده‌هاي مرتبط با غلظت آلاينده گردوغبار پنبه و پلي‌استر (گردوغبار قابل استنشاق) مطابق با روش استاندارد NIOSH-0600 مورد سنجش و آناليز قرار گرفت. در نهايت راندمان توليد تعيين و در وضعيت‌هاي مختلف تهويه‌اي مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. يافته‌ها: نتايج مطالعه نشان داد مقدار شاخص DI در سه سالن مورد بررسي تفاوت معني‌داري نداشته و همگي در گستره نزديك به آسايش حرارتي مي‌باشند (0/45=P). همچنين بين شاخص عدم آسايش حرارتي (DI) و روند اصلاحات تهويه، تفاوت معناداري مشاهده نگرديد (0/42 =P). از سوي ديگر اثر ارتقاء سيستم تهويه، بر افزايش ميزان توليد و راندمان كار معني‌دار تشخيص داده شد (P< 0.05). نتيجه‌گيري: مطالعه حاضر نشان داد كه ارتقاء سيستم تهويه با كنترل پارامترهاي شيميايي و تا حد كمتري پارامترهاي فيزيكي، نقش قابل‌توجهي در ارتقاء عملكرد و كارايي توليد در كارگران خواهد داشت.

Introduction: One of the most important factors impacting the performance and efficiency of production is ventilation that plays this crucial role with reduction the pollution and heat. The purpose of the present article is to determine the impacts of improving the ventilation systems on performance and efficiency of production through controlling the physical parameters such as temperature and moisture and also with controlling the chemical factors of workplace in Autoconer unit of a spinning company. Methods: Research data have been assessed using dry thermometer, wet thermometer and digital humidity thermometer measuring environmental parameters. These parameters have been used to evaluate the thermal discomfort indicators (DI). The sampling was performed using NIOSH-0600 protocol by aluminum cyclone and 25 mm PVC filter. Using Gravimetric analysis method through a scale with an accuracy of 0.0001 gr data related to concentration of the polyester and cotton pollutant dusts, respirable dust, have been assessed. Obtained data from measuring the concentration of pollutants have been used to estimate the effectiveness of ventilation systems. The amount of the production has been assessed by multiplying of measuring the reel samples and number of reels or spring-enabled device to ascertain the efficiency of production. All of the investigations and comparisons have been conducted in three conditional situations including without suitable ventilation system, improved and adjusted ventilation system and finally designing and installing the new ventilation system; in the all of the stations of Autoconor unit. Results: Results of the study indicated that the amounts of DI in three investigated saloons didn’t have significant differences and all of them were close to thermal comfort (P=0.45); and despite of exert small changes, it has not been observed significant differences between thermal discomfort indicator (DI) with process of improving air conditioning (P=0.42). On the other hand, it has been determined that improving the ventilation system by reduction the pollutants, increased the production and efficiency of the work (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The present study shows that improving ventilation system through controlling the chemical parameters and physical parameters, with lower impacts; including temperature and moisture will have an important role in increasing the operation and efficiency of production in spinning industry.