تاثير رژيم درماني پزشكي بر سلامت روان، تصوير بدني و وزن در زنان مبتلا به چاقي

The Effect of Medical Diet Therapy on Mental Health, Body Image and Weight in Women with Obesity

ﺷﯿﻮع ﭼﺎﻗﯽ ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺘﻪ در ﺣﺎل اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﺳﺖ و از ﻣﺸﮑﻼت اﻓﺮاد ﭼﺎق ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ اﻓﺖ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان و ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ اﺷﺎره ﮐﺮد. رژﯾﻢ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ از روشﻫﺎي درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ در ﮐﺎﻫﺶ وزن و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان اﺳﺖ. در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ، ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ رژﯾﻢ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان، ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ و وزن در زﻧﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎﻗﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. روش ﮐﺎر: روش ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﻪﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي آزﻣﻮن و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ زﻧﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎﻗﯽ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯿﮏﻫﺎي ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎﺑﻞ در ﺳﺎل 1397 ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. در ﮐﻞ 30 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه )15 ﻧﻔﺮ در ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮوه( ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن 8 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ )دو ﺑﺎر در ﻣﺎه( رژﯾﻢ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﮐﺎﻫﺶ وزن درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺮد و ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﻧﺪﯾﺪ. اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان و ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮده ﺑﺪﻧﯽ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار 21-SPSS و ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي آزﻣﻮن و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان، ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ و وزن ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎرت دﯾﮕﺮ، روش رژﯾﻢ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ارﺗﻘﺎي ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان )0/001 < F = 12/75 ،P(، ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ )0/001 < F = 35/43 ،P( و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ وزن )0/001 < F = 43/549 ،P( در زﻧﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎﻗﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎندﻫﻨﺪه اﻫﻤﯿﺖ روش رژﯾﻢ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ در ارﺗﻘﺎي وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي رواﻧﯽ و ﺟﺴﻤﯽ در زﻧﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎﻗﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ از روش ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﺑﺮاي ارﺗﻘﺎي ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان، ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ وزن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ.

The prevalence of obesity is steadily rising, and from the problems of obesity, people can be noted to decline mental health and body image. Diet therapy is one of the effective treatments in decreasing weight and increasing body image and mental health. As a result, the present research aimed to determine the effect of medical diet therapy on mental health, body image, and weight in women with obesity. Methods: The method of study was a semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with experimental and control groups. The research population was women with obesity referring to nutritional clinics of Babol city in the 2018 year. Totally 30 people were selected by the available sampling method and randomly divided into two groups (15 people in each group). The experimental group received eight sessions (twice in a month) medical diet therapy with a weight loss approach, and the control group didn’t train. The research instruments were mental health and body image questionnaire and body mass index. Data were analyzed using SPSS-21 software and by multivariate analysis of covariance method. Results: The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of mental health, body image, and weight loss. In the other words, the method of medical diet therapy led to promoted the mental health (F = 12.755, P < 0.001), body image (F = 35.430, P < 0.001) and weight loss (F = 43.549, P < 0.001) in women with obesity. Conclusions: The results indicated the importance of the medical diet therapy method on the promotion of mental and physical characteristics in women with obesity. Therefore, nutritionists can use this method to promote mental health, body image, and weight loss.