بررسي اثر تجويز خوراكي فلفل قرمز بر آلزايمر موش هاي صحرايي نر بالغ

The effect of red pepper on Alzheimer's disease in adult male rats

ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻭ ﻫﺪﻑ: ﺁﻟﺰﺍﻳﻤﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﺩژﻧﺮﺍﺗﻴﻮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺔ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﮕﺎﺭﺵ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨـﺔ ﻃـﺐ ﺳـﻨﺘﻲ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺷﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻃﺐ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﻓﺴﺎﺩ ﺫﻛﺮ )ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺷﻲ( ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻞ ﻛﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺯ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﻴﺘﺔ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻧﻲ ﻫﻴﭙﻮﻛﻤﭗ ﻣﻮﺵ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺻﺤﺮﺍﻳﻲ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻣﺎﻧﺲ )ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣـﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ( ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎ: ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺩﻭﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ 21 ﺭﺃﺱ ﻣﻮﺵ ﺻﺤﺮﺍﻳﻲ ﻧﺮ ﻧﮋﺍﺩ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ 7 ﺗـﺎﻳﻲ ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨـﺪ ﻛـﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ: Sham، ﺁﻟﺰﺍﻳﻤﺮ-ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﻭ ﺁﻟﺰﺍﻳﻤﺮ-ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻓﻠﻔﻞ. ﻣﺪﻝ ﺁﻟﺰﺍﻳﻤﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﻳﻮﺗﺎﻛﺲ ﻭ ﺗﺰﺭﻳـﻖ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﭘﺘﻮﺯﻭﺳـﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻘـﺎ ﺷـﺪ ﻭ ﭘـﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺳﻪ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ، ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻞ ﻛﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺯ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﻴﺘﺔ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﻴﭙﻮﻛﻤﭗ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻲ CA2 ،CA1 ﻭ CA3 ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺷﺪ. ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻞ ﻛﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺯ ﻫﻴﭙﻮﻛﻤﭗ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺁﻟﺰﺍﻳﻤﺮ-ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺁﻟﺰﺍﻳﻤﺮ-ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﻛـﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨـﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻱ p<0.05( ﻧﺸـﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺴـﻴﺘﺔ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻧﻲ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺁﻟﺰﺍﻳﻤﺮ-ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺁﻟﺰﺍﻳﻤﺮ-ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻲ p<0.01) CA2 ،(p<0.05) CA1( ﻭ p<0.01) CA3( ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ. ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ: ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺭژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻲ ﺣﺎﻭﻱ ﺩﻩ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺵ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺮ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺁﻟﺰﺍﻳﻤـﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳـﻖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻞ ﻛﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺯ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﻴﺘﺔ ﻧﻮﺭﻭﻧﻲ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻛﻨﺪ

Background and Purpose: Alzheimerchr('39')s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and cognitive function. Books written in the field of traditional medicine mention one of the effective cures for Alzheimer’s disease is red pepper. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of red pepper on the level of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and hippocampal neural density in rat model of Alzheimer’s disease. Methods and Materials: By Using a pilot study the effective dose of red pepper was determined. 21 male wistar rats were divided into three groups (n=7): sham, SAD (Sporadic Alzheimer’s disease) + normal diet and SAD+ red pepper diet. Alzheimer’s disease was induced by stereotaxic surgery and streptozotocin injection. After 3 weeks treatment, the levels of AChE and neural density was investigated. Results: The level of hippocampal AChE in SAD+red pepper compared with SAD+normal diet was decreased (p<0.05). The neural density in SAD+red pepper group compared with SAD+normal diet was increased in CA1 (p<0.05), CA2 (p<0.01) and CA3 (p<0.01). Conclusion: The results showed that receiving a diet containing 10% of red pepper could improve memory impairment in rat model of Alzheimer’s disease by reducing AChE and increasing neural density.