پديد آورندگان :
پاك مهر، مينا دانشگاه علوم پزشكي زابل - دانشكدة پرستاري و مامايي , جهان تيغ حقيقي، مريم دانشگاه علوم پزشكي زابل - دانشكدة پرستاري و مامايي , طاهري تيزآبي، صفيه دانشگاه علوم پزشكي زابل - دانشكدة پرستاري و مامايي , راهدار، زهرا دانشگاه علوم پزشكي زابل - دانشكدة پرستاري و مامايي
كليدواژه :
طب مكمل و جايگزين , گياهان دارويي , چاقي , اضافه وزن , كارآزمايي باليني , كاهش وزن
چكيده فارسي :
ساﺑﻘﻪ ﻭ ﻫﺪﻑ: ﭼﺎﻗﻲ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻬﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻫـﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠـﻒ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠـﻪ ﺑـﺎ ﭼـﺎﻗﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻭ ﺍﺛﺮﭘﺬﻳﺮﻱ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﻧﺎﺭﺿﺎﻳﺘﻲ ﻣـﺮﺩﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫـﺎﻱ ﺷـﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻱ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻠﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ ﻣـﺮﺩﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ، ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﭼﺎﻗﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻌـﻲ ﺍﺭﺯﻳـﺎﺑﻲ ﻧﺸـﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻋـﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺧﻄﺮﻧـﺎﻙ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ، ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﺛﺒـﺎﺕ ﺭﺳـﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﺎﺕ ﻣـﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ.
ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎ: ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻧـﻚ ﻫـﺎﻱ ﺍﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺗﻲISI, SID, Pub Med, Pub Med Central, Scopus ﻭ Web of Science ﺑـﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻭﺍژﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻃﺐ ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ، ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻲ، ﭼﺎﻗﻲ، ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ، ﻛﺎﺭﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ، ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ.
ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ: ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ: ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴﻢ، ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺴﻢ ﭼﺮﺑﻲ، ﻛـﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺷـﺘﻬﺎ، ﻛـﺎﻫﺶ ﺟـﺬﺏ ﭼﺮ ﺑـﻲ،ﻣﻠﻴﻦ، ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻟﭙﺘﻴﻦ، ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻫﻴﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﻫﻴﭙﻮﮔﻠﻴﺴﻤﻴﻚ ﻭ ﻫﻴﭙﻮﻟﻴﭙﻴﺪﻣﻴﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﭼﺎﻗﻲ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﺎﺕ ﻧﺸـﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨـﺪ ﺓ ﻛـﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻤﻦ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻃﺮﻳﻔﻞ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﭼﻴﻦ، ﺳﻮﻳﺎ، ﻛﺮﻓﺲ، ﺳﻨﺎ، ﮔﻞ ﺳـﺮﺥ ﻭ ﺯﻳـﺮ ﺓ ﺳـﻴﺎﻩ ﺳـﺒﺐ ﻛـﺎﻫﺶ ﻗﺎﺑـﻞ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻓﻴﺘﻮﺳﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﻫﺎ، ﺭﻳﺸﺔ ﺛﻌﻠﺐ ﻭ ﻛﻠﭙﻮﺭﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺣﻴـﻮﺍﻧﻲ ﺳـﺒﺐ ﻛـﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨـﻲ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻨﺒﻠﻴﻠﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺩﺍﻡ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻲ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
Background and Purpose: Obesity is a major threat to public health around the world and is a major factor in various diseases. There are various drugs and various surgical procedures dealing with obesity, but both have adverse effects and limited efficacy. Peoplechr('39')s dissatisfaction along with expensive chemical drugs has many side effects, as well as the desire for fitness through natural methods, which are the most important causes of the use of herbal medicines by people. As herbs used by people in the treatment of obesity for weight loss are not definitely evaluated and have dangerous effects this study intended to review relevant studies to facilitate access to plants whose efficacy and safety have been proven through authentic clinical trials.
Methods and Materials: In this study, we investigated valid scientific articles indexed in ISI, SID, PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using complementary medicine and alternative medicinal herbs, obesity, overweight, clinical trial, weight loss as keywords.
Conclusion: Plants affecting weight loss have different mechanisms such as increasing metabolism, affecting fat metabolism, reducing appetite, reducing fat absorption, laxative, increasing levels of leptin, preventing carbohydrate intake, and hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. Studies show a significant and safe decrease in weight with Triphala consumption. In some studies, cinnamon, soybeans, celery, senna, roses, and cumin caused a significant reduction in weight. In some other studies, their effectiveness and even their safety were doubtful. Phytosterols, tubers of Orchis mascula, and Felty germander have caused significant weight loss in animal studies. In the case of fenugreek and peanut, more studies are needed.
