ﻣﺮوري ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﺎت ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ در ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19

A review on some Nutrition-Based Interventions in Covid-19

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19 ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻋﻔﻮﻧﯽ ﻧﻮﻇﻬﻮر ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از 2-SASR-CoV ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻫﻤﻪﮔﯿﺮي در اﻧﺴﺎن اﺳﺖ. در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻫﯿﭻ دارو ﯾﺎ واﮐﺴﻨﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد. در ﻏﯿﺎب درﻣﺎن اﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ وﯾﺮوس ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻦ روﺷﻬﺎي ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ. داﺷﺘﻦ ﯾﮏ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي دﻓﺎع ﻣﯿﺰﺑﺎن در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ارﮔﺎﻧﯿﺴﻤﻬﺎي ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﯾﺰا ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ. ﺳﻮء ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ در ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﺧﺘﻠﺎل در ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﺑﺪن ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ازﻃﺮﻓﯽ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ، ﺧﻮد ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﺧﺘﻠﺎل در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﮐﻤﺒﻮد ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻐﺬي ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺺ در ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ، درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺎﻓﯽ وﯾﺘﺎﻣﯿﻦﻫﺎ )A، C ،Bs ،D و E(، اﻣﻠﺎح )ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻢ ، روي و آﻫﻦ( و اﺳﯿﺪﻫﺎي ﭼﺮب ﺑﻠﻨﺪ زﻧﺠﯿﺮ اﻣﮕﺎ 3 از رژﯾﻢ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﻟﺎزم اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ رﻋﺎﯾﺖ ﯾﮏ رژﯾﻢ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از اﺑﺘﻠﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19 ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ اي ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻠﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19 ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺮ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﻬﺎ ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﯾﺎري ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد.

Covid-19 is an emerging infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 that can be transmitted to humans. There are currently no drugs or vaccines for this disease. In the absence of treatment for this new virus, finding alternative methods to prevent and control the disease is important. Having a well-functioning immune system is essential for the host's defense against pathogenic organisms. Malnutrition can lead to an impaired immune system during life. Even though the immune system response to infection is itself a factor that could lead to nutritional status impairment. Deficiency of some nutrients can lead to disorders of immune system. Adequate intake of vitamins (A, D, Bs, C and E), minerals (selenium, zinc and iron) and omega-3 fatty acids are among the essential factors in proper immune system function. Therefore, it is recommended to follow a healthy diet to prevent Covid-19. It is also suggested to assess the nutritional status of patients before prescribing treatments.