كليدواژه :
اعتياد به اينترنت , شبكههاي اجتماعي مجازي , نوجوان , جوان , شيوع
چكيده فارسي :
زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي اﻋﺘﯿﺎدي ﺑﺎ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻔﯽ درون ﻓﺮدي و ﺑﯿﻦ ﻓﺮدي ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف
اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﯿﻮع اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ و وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﺠﺎزي در ﻧﻮﺟﻮاﻧﺎن و ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﺑﻮد. روشﻫﺎ: ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﯽ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻧﻮﺟﻮاﻧﺎن و ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ در ﺑﻬﺎر 1397 اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﮐﺸﻮر اﯾﺮان ﺑﻪ 5 ﺧﻮﺷﻪ )ﺷﻤﺎل، ﺟﻨﻮب، ﻣﺮﮐﺰ، ﺷﺮق، ﻏﺮب( ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪ، ﺳﭙﺲ از ﻫﺮ ﺧﻮﺷﻪ ﯾﮏ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ و اﺑﺰار ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﻧﻮﺟﻮاﻧﺎن و ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن ﻣﺮﮐﺰ آن اﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت داوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﺷﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ 1491 اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي
وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﯾﺎﻧﮓ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ دادﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﺷﯿﻮع ﮐﻠﯽ اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺷﺪﯾﺪ 2/4 درﺻﺪ و ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ در ﭘﺴﺮان 2/9 و در دﺧﺘﺮان 2 درﺻﺪ و ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﯽ در ﻧﻮﺟﻮاﻧﺎن 2/5 و در ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن 2/3 درﺻﺪ اﺳﺖ، اﻣﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺗﻔﺎوتﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﺟﻨﺲ و دو ﮔﺮوه ﺳﻨﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﻧﯿﺴﺖ. در دو ﮔﺮوه دﺧﺘﺮان و ﭘﺴﺮان از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮات اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺗﻔﺎوت وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد، درﺣﺎﻟﯽﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﮔﺮوه ﻧﻮﺟﻮاﻧﺎن و ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن ﺗﻔﺎوت وﺟﻮد دارد و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ در ﮔﺮوه ﺳﻨﯽ ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن اﻧﺪﮐﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﻧﻮﺟﻮاﻧﺎن اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺗﻠﮕﺮام، اﯾﻨﺴﺘﺎﮔﺮام و واﺗﺲ آپ ﺟﺰو ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ
ﻣﺠﺎزي ﭘﺮﻃﺮﻓﺪار ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽﺷﻮﻧﺪ و ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ دوﺳﺘﺎن و آﮔﺎﻫﯽ از اﺧﺒﺎر ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ دﻟﺎﯾﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﺠﺎزي ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﻤﯽ از اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺷﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﻧﻮﺟﻮاﻧﺎن و ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن وﺟﻮد دارد، اﻣﺎ ﻧﮑﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺑﺎﻟﺎي ﻧﻮﺟﻮاﻧﺎن و ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن دﺧﺘﺮ و ﭘﺴﺮي اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ درﮔﯿﺮ اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺑﻪ اﯾﺘﻨﺮﻧﺖ ﺧﻔﯿﻒ ﯾﺎ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
Background and Aim: Internet addiction as one of the addictive behaviors is associated with negative intrapersonal and interpersonal outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Internet addiction and the status of the use of virtual social networks in Iranian adolescents and youths.
Methods: The statistical population of this cross-sectional study included all Iranian teenagers and youths in spring of 2018. Iran was divided into 5 clusters (north, south, center, east, west) for sampling, then, a province was randomly selected from each cluster and the research tool was distributed voluntarily among teenagers and youths in the center of that province. The sample number in this study was 1491 people that responded to demographic characteristics and Yang’s Internet addiction questionnaires.
Results: The overall prevalence of severe Internet addiction is 2.4 percent; regarding gender, 2.9 percent for boys and 2.2 percent for girls, and regarding age, 2.5 percent for teenagers and 2.3 percent for young people, but the differences were not significant. In the two groups of girls (2.2 percent) and boys (2.9 percent), there was no difference in terms of the average score of Internet addiction, while there is a difference between the two groups of teenagers and young people, and the average Internet addiction in the youth age group (2.3 percent) is slightly higher than teenagers (2.5 percent). Telegram, Instagram and WhatsApp are popular social media networks, and communication with friends and news awareness are the most important reasons for using virtual social networks.
Conclusion: There is a small amount of severe internet addiction among teenagers and youths, but the important point in the present study is the high number of teenagers and youths who are involved in mild or moderate internet addiction.