بررسي ميزان شيوع ناهنجاري هاي اسكلتي عضلاني و ارتباط آن با سابقه كاري در پرستاران رسمي مذكر شاغل در يك مركز درماني نظامي شهر تهران طي سال 1398

Investigation of Musculoskeletal Deformities Prevalence and its Correlation with Working Experience in Male Nurses in a Military Medical Center, Tehran, 2019

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﺷﯿﻮع ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ زﯾﺎد ﻣﯿﺰان ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎريﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﯾﻦ ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎريﻫﺎ در ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ﺑﺮوز آﺳﯿﺐﻫﺎي ﺑﻌﺪي در ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ اﻣﺮي ﺿﺮوري ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ. ﻫﺪف ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺷﯿﻮع ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎري ﻫﺎي اﺳﮑﻠﺘﯽ ﻋﻀﻠﺎﻧﯽ و ارﺗﺒﺎط آن ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﮐﺎري در ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران رﺳﻤﯽ ﻣﺬﮐﺮ ﺷﺎﻏﻞ در ﯾﮏ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﻃﯽ ﺳﺎل 1398 ﺑﻮد. روشﻫﺎ: ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﯽ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در ﯾﮏ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﻃﯽ آن 159 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران رﺳﻤﯽ ﻣﺬﮐﺮ ﺷﺎﻏﻞ در ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ در ﺳﺎل 1398 ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻌﺎﯾﻨﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻃﯽ آن ﺗﻌﺪاد 104 ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎر رﺳﻤﯽ ﻣﺬﮐﺮ ﮐﻪ داراي ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎريﻫﺎي ﺳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻠﻮ و ﮐﺎﯾﻔﻮز ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ وارد ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻋﺒﺎرت ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﻃﻠﺎﻋﺎت ﻓﺮدي ﺷﺎﻣﻞ )ﺳﻦ، ﻗﺪ، وزن، BMI، ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﮐﺎري، ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﮐﺎري، ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺖ(، ﺧﻂﮐﺶ ﻣﻨﻌﻄﻒ و ﮔﻮﻧﯿﺎﻣﺘﺮ )ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي زواﯾﺎي ﮐﺎﯾﻔﻮز ﭘﺸﺘﯽ و ﺳﺮﺑﻪ ﺟﻠﻮ(. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﻮﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار SPSS ﻧﺴﺨﻪ 23 در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري 0/05≤P اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: از ﻣﯿﺎن 159 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ، ﺗﻌﺪاد 104 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﻨﯽ 35/6±9 ﺳﺎل و ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﮐﺎري 14/8±9 ﺳﺎل ﺣﻀﻮر داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﺷﯿﻮع ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎريﻫﺎي ﺳﺮﺑﻪ ﺟﻠﻮ و ﮐﺎﯾﻔﻮز اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 28/93 درﺻﺪ و 36/47 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﮐﺎري ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎري ﺳﺮﺑﻪﺟﻠﻮ )228/=P=0/020, r( و ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﮐﺎري ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﯾﻔﻮز اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ )0/29=P=0/003, r( ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از ﺷﯿﻮع ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺎي ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎريﻫﺎي ﺳﺮﺑﻪ ﺟﻠﻮ و ﮐﺎﯾﻔﻮز در ﻣﯿﺎن ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ و از ﻟﺤﺎظ آﻣﺎري ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺷﯿﻮع اﯾﻦ ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎريﻫﺎ در ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﮐﺎري ﺑﺎﻟﺎﺗﺮ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺐ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﻟﺬا ﻟﺎزم اﺳﺖ در وﻫﻠﻪ اول ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ در وﻗﻮع اﯾﻦ ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎريﻫﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و در وﻫﻠﻪ دوم ﺑﻪ ﺣﺬف و ﯾﺎ اﺻﻠﺎح آﻧﻬﺎ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﮔﺮدد.

Background and Aim: The relatively high prevalence of structural deformities and the importance of timely detection of these abnormalities are essential in preventing future injuries to employees in any organization. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal deformities and its correlation with working experience in male nurses in a military medical center in 2019. Methods: This study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted on 159 male nurses, which they working in different parts of a military medical center in Tehran, Iran in 2019. Purposeful sampling was performed, and 104 nurses with forward head position and kyphotic abnormalities were included. The tools used in this study were: Personal information questionnaire (Age, Height, Weight, BMI, Work experience, Hours of work, and Workplace center), Flexible ruler and goniometer (for measuring forward head and kyphosis angles). Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23 at the significance level P≥0.05. Results: Of the 159 military nurses, 104 nurses participated with an average age of 35.6±9 years and 14.8±9 years of work experience. The prevalence of forward head position and kyphosis deformities was 28.93% and 36.47%, respectively. The results also showed a positive correlation between work experience with forward head position (P=0.020, r=0.290) and hyper kyphosis (P=0.003, r=0.228). Conclusion: The results indicate a relatively high prevalence of forward head position and kyphotic deformities among military nurses. Statistically, the prevalence of these deformities was significantly higher in nurses with more work experience. Therefore, it is necessary to first identify the factors affecting the occurrence of these deformities and then to remove or correct them and in the second to focus on the correction of these deformities.