تاثير هشت هفته تمرينات هوازي و مكمل چاي سبز بر توان هوازي، نمايه توده بدن و درصد چربي در دانشجويان افسري چاق و داراي اضافه وزن

The Effect of 8-Weeks of Aerobic Training and Green Tea Supplementation on Aerobic Capacity, Body Mass Index and Fat Percentage in Obese and Overweight Officers Students

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﭼﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ ﻋﻠﺎوه ﺑﺮ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت آﻧﺘﯽاﮐﺴﯿﺪاﻧﯽ داراي ﺧﻮاص ﺿﺪ دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ، ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي، ﺿﺪاﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﯽ، ﺿﺪﻓﯿﺒﺮوﺗﯿﮏ و ﺿﺪ ﭼﺎﻗﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻫﺪف از ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﻫﻮازي و ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﭼﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮان ﻫﻮازي، ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻪ ﺗﻮده ﺑﺪن و درﺻﺪ ﭼﺮﺑﯽ در داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن اﻓﺴﺮي ﭼﺎق و داراي اﺿﺎﻓﻪ وزن ﺑﻮد. روشﻫﺎ: در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﮐﻪ در ﺳﺎل 1397 در داﻧﺸﮕﺎه اﻓﺴﺮي اﻣﺎم ﻋﻠﯽ)ع( اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ، 60 داﻧﺸﺠﻮي ﻣﺮد ﭼﺎق و داراي اﺿﺎﻓﻪ وزن ﺑﺎ داﻣﻨﻪ ﺳﻨﯽ 18 ﺗﺎ 22 ﺳﺎل و ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻪ ﺗﻮده ﺑﺪﻧﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از 25 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﯽ در دﺳﺘﺮس و ﻫﺪﻓﺪار اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ؛ ﺳﭙﺲ آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در 4 ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻮازي )13 ﻧﻔﺮ(، ﮔﺮوه ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﭼﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ )18 ﻧﻔﺮ(، ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻮازي و ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﭼﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ)16 ﻧﻔﺮ( و ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل)13 ﻧﻔﺮ( ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻮازي ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 8 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ، ﻫﺮ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ 3 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 60-45 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت 60-80 درﺻﺪ ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ ﺿﺮﺑﺎن ﻗﻠﺐ ﺑﻪ دوﯾﺪن ﺑﺮ روي ﺗﺮدﻣﯿﻞ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ وﮔﺮوه ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﭼﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ زﻣﺎن ﺑﺎ ﺣﻔﻆ رژﯾﻢ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﺧﻮد، روزاﻧﻪ 3 ﻋﺪد ﭼﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ ﮐﯿﺴﻪاي اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮي 2 ﮔﺮم ﭼﺎي ﺧﺸﮏ را در 150 ﺳﯽ ﺳﯽ آب 100 درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﮔﺮاد دم ﮐﺮده و در ﺳﻪ وﻋﺪه ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺻﺒﺢ، ﻇﻬﺮ و ﻋﺼﺮ ﻗﺒﻞ از ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ورزﺷﯽ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻧﻤﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺗﻮان ﻫﻮازي، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮده ﺑﺪﻧﯽ و درﺻﺪ ﭼﺮﺑﯽ، آزﻣﻮﻧﯽﻫﺎ در دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﭘﯿﺶ و ﭘﺲ از ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺳﻨﺠﯿﺪه و ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺮوه در ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي واﺑﺴﺘﻪ از آزﻣﻮن آﻣﺎري آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮏﻃﺮﻓﻪ و ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺟﻔﺖ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎ از آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺒﯽ ﺗﻮﮐﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: 8 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻮازي ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار وزن، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮدة ﺑﺪن و درﺻﺪ ﭼﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺪن و ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﭼﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار وزن ﺑﺪن و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮدة ﺑﺪن ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻮازي و ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﭼﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ ﻋﻠﺎوه ﺑﺮﮐﺎﻫﺶ وزن، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮدة ﺑﺪن و درﺻﺪ ﭼﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺪن، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار درﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ اﮐﺴﯿﮋن ﻣﺼﺮﻓﯽ را ﺑﺪﻧﺒﺎل داﺷﺖ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻮازي و ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﭼﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻪ ﺗﻮده ﺑﺪﻧﯽ، درﺻﺪﭼﺮﺑﯽ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻮان ﻫﻮازي در ﺑﯿﻦ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن اﻓﺴﺮي ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﯾﮏ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي ﻏﯿﺮداروﯾﯽ ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻘﻖ و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Background and Aim: In addition to antioxidant compounds, green tea has anti-diabetic antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic and anti-obesity properties. So, this study aimed to investigate the effect of 8- weeks of aerobic training and green tea supplementation on aerobic capacity, body mass index and fat percentage in obese and overweight officers students. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, which was conducted in 2018 at Imam Ali Officer University, 60 subjects with age range 18-22 years and BMI greater than 25 kg / m2 were selected by available convenience sampling method; They were divided randomly into 4 groups: aerobic training (n=13), green tea supplement (n=18), aerobic training + green tea supplement (n=16) and control groups (n=13). Aerobic training program included aerobic training 45-60 minutes at 60-80% maximum heart rate, three sessions per week which lasted for 8 weeks. Green tea supplement group while maintaining their diet 2 hours after each meal brewed 2 g dry green tea in 150cc Boiling water in three meals in the morning, noon and evening consumed. The aerobic capacity, body mass index and fat percentage of the participants in the two stages before and after the training protocol were also measured. A one-way statistical analysis of the variance test (ANOVA) was used to significantly compare the groups, and a Tukey follow-up test was used to significantly compare the pairs of groups. Results: Eight weeks of aerobic training significantly reduced body weight, body mass index and body fat percentage (P<0.05) and green tea supplementation significantly reduced body weight and body mass index (P<0.05). Also, the combination of aerobic training and green tea supplementation, in addition to weight loss, body mass index and body fat percentage, resulted in a significant increase in aerobic capacity (P<0.05). Conclusion: Considering that the combination of aerobic training and green tea supplementation reduces the body mass index, fat percentage and increases aerobic capacity among officer students. It is therefore a valuable non-pharmacological strategy for realizing and improving research parameters.