تأثير 8 هفته مكمل ياري ويتامين D بر تركيب بدن، سرعت دويدن و زمان رسيدن به خستگي در نظاميان

Effect of Eight Weeks of Vitamin D Supplementation on Body Composition, Speed and Fatigue Time in Military Force

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ وﯾﺘﺎﻣﯿﻦ D در اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺣﺠﻢ و ﻗﺪرت ﻋﻀﻠﺎت اﺳﮑﻠﺘﯽ در ورزﺷﮑﺎران ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. از ﺳﻮي دﯾﮕﺮ ﮐﻤﺒﻮد وﯾﺘﺎﻣﯿﻦ D در اﻓﺮادي ﮐﻪ داراي ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ ﺑﺎﻟﺎﺗﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﯿﺮوﻫﺎي ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﺷﯿﻮع ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي دارد. از اﯾﻦ رو ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ رﺳﺪ ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﯾﺎري ﺑﺎ وﯾﺘﺎﻣﯿﻦ D در ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯿﺎن ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺳﻠﺎﻣﺘﯽ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺪﻧﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺷﻮد. روشﻫﺎ: ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻧﻮع ﮐﺎر آزﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ دوﺳﻮ ﮐﻮر در ﺳﺎل 1398 در اﺻﻔﻬﺎن اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ورود و ﺧﺮوج، 100 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯿﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ وارد دو ﮔﺮوه 50 ﻧﻔﺮه ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﻃﻠﺎﻋﺎت دﻣﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﮏ و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﯽ اﻓﺮاد از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ و درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ 24 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﯾﺎد آﻣﺪ ﺧﻮراك ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﻗﺪ، وزن، دور ﮐﻤﺮ، ﺗﻮده ﭼﺮﺑﯽ و ﻋﻀﻠﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺪن اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺴﺖ ﻫﺎي ورزﺷﯽ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ و زﻣﺎن ﺧﺴﺘﮕﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ در اﺑﺘﺪا و اﻧﺘﻬﺎي ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪ. ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS وﯾﺮاﺳﺖ 18 اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: دو ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ و داروﻧﻤﺎ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺳﻦ، ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﺮﻣﯽ وﯾﺘﺎﻣﯿﻦ D و ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ ﻫﻤﺴﺎن ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﺮﻣﯽ وﯾﺘﺎﻣﯿﻦ D در ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﮔﺮوه داروﻧﻤﺎ ﺑﻮد )0/05p(. زﻣﺎن رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﺧﺴﺘﮕﯽ در ﮔﺮوه درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﮑﻤﻞ وﯾﺘﺎﻣﯿﻦ D ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ )0/05p(. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﯾﺎري ﺑﺎ وﯾﺘﺎﻣﯿﻦ D ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺳﺒﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ زﻣﺎن رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﺧﺴﺘﮕﯽ در ﻧﯿﺮوﻫﺎي ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد اﻣﺎ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮي ﺑﺮ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺑﺪن و ﺳﺮﻋﺖ دوي اﯾﻦ اﻓﺮاد ﻧﺪارد.

Background and Aim: Clinical studies show the effect of vitamin D on muscle strength in athletes. In addition, vitamin D deficiency is more common in people with higher physical activity than in others. Therefore, it seems vitamin D supplementation in the military can improve their health and physical performance. Methods: This study is a double-blind clinical trial was done in Isfahan, Iran in 2019. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 100 militaries were randomly assigned to two groups of supplement and placebo groups (n=50). Demographic data and physical activity of militaries were collected by questionnaires. For all of the participants, measurements of height, weight, waist circumference, fat and muscle mass of the body were conducted. Sport tests of speed and time of fatigue were done. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software, version 18.0. Results: The two groups of intervention and placebo were matched in terms of age, serum vitamin D level and level of physical activity. The mean of serum vitamin D level in the intervention group at the end of the study was higher than the placebo group (p <0.05). There were no differences in anthropometric indices (weight, waist circumference and BMI) as well as body composition between the two groups receiving vitamin D and placebo at the end of the study (p <0.05). Fatigue time more increased in the vitamin D supplement group than in the control group (p <0.05) but no difference was seen in the 10 m speed test (p <0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study show that vitamin D supplementation can increase fatigue time in military force, but it does not influence body composition and speed.