نقش عدالت ترميمي در پيشگيري از تكرار رفتار مجرمانه جوانان شهر اهواز در پرتو تأمين امنيت اجتماعي

The role of restorative justice in the prevention of repeat criminal behavior of young people in Ahvaz in the light of social security

ﻧﺎﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي و اﻧﺘﻘﺎدﻫﺎي وارد ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮ اﻟﮕﻮي ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﮐﯿﻔﺮي در ﻣﻬﺎر ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ﻣﺠﺮﻣﺎﻧﻪ، اﺧﻼل در اﻣﻨﯿﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ دﺳﺘﺎوردﻫﺎي ﻋﻠﻮم ﺟﻨﺎﯾﯽ، ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه در ﭼﻨﺪ دﻫﻪ اﺧﯿﺮ، ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻮل ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ در اﻧﺪﯾﺸﻪﻫﺎ، روشﻫﺎ و اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي دادرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ و اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻮل، ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ روﯾﮑﺮدﻫﺎي دادرﺳﯽ و ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮي اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎ و ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻧﻮﯾﻦ رﺳﯿﺪﮔﯽ ﻫﻤﭽﻮن ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺗﺮﻣﯿﻤﯽ ﮐﯿﻔﺮي را در ﭘﯽ داﺷﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن دادن روﻧﺪ رو ﺑﻪ رﺷﺪ ﺗﮑﺮار رﻓﺘﺎر ﻣﺠﺮﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن ﺷﻬﺮ اﻫﻮاز ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل دﺳﺖ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻫﺪف ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺗﺮﻣﯿﻤﯽ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ﺗﮑﺮار رﻓﺘﺎر ﻣﺠﺮﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﭼﻪ دﺳﺘﺎوردﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ؟ روش ﺑﮑﺎر رﻓﺘﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﻋﻠّﯽ ﭘﺲ از وﻗﻮع اﺳﺖ و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻣﻮردﻧﯿﺎز ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﻏﯿﺮ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ از ﻧﻮع در دﺳﺘﺮس در ﺑﯿﻦ 100 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن ﻣﺤﺒﻮس در زﻧﺪانﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮ اﻫﻮاز، در ﺳﻨﯿﻦ 18 ﺗﺎ 30 ﺳﺎل، ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﻋﻤﺪه ﺟﺮاﯾﻢ ارﺗﮑﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن ﺷﻬﺮ اﻫﻮاز ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻋﻤﺪه اﯾﻦ ﺟﺮاﯾﻢ را ﺟﺮاﯾﻢ ﺧﺮد ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ درﮔﯿﺮ ﻧﮑﺮدن آﻧﺎن ﺑﺎ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻗﻀﺎﯾﯽ و ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ﺗﯿﻌﺎت ﻣﻨﻔﯽ آن و اﺣﯿﺎي ﺣﻘﻮق ﺑﺰهدﯾﺪه از ﻗﺒﯿﻞ ﺟﺒﺮان ﺧﺴﺎرت، از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ اﺟﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺮﻣﯿﻤﯽ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯿﮕﺮي، ﻧﺸﺴﺖﻫﺎ، ﺣﻠﻘﻪﻫﺎ و ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻞ، ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ دادرﺳﯽ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ﺗﮑﺮار رﻓﺘﺎر ﻣﺠﺮﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن و ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

The inefficiencies and criticisms of the traditional model of criminal justice in controlling criminal phenomena that disrupt social security, as well as the achievements of the criminal sciences, especially in the last few decades, have led to a fundamental change in the ideas, methods and tools of the judiciary. This has led to the transformation, changing approaches of the judiciary, and the emergence of new patterns and types of criminal restorative justice. This research also aims to show the increasing trend of recurring criminal behavior of youth in Ahvaz city. What is the achievement of restorative justice in preventing recidivism in order to maintain social security? The method used in this study is a descriptive causal survey and the required information was gathered by means of non-probability sampling, by distributing a questionnaire to 100 young people detained in Ahvaz prisons, aged 18-30 years. Given that most of the crimes committed by young people in Ahvaz are affected by environmental conditions and the major part of them are minor offenses, it seems that it is not necessary for them to be engaged with strict and punitive justice system, in order to avoid negative bias towards them. an‎d the restoration of the rights of victims, including compensation, may be implemented through various restorative programs, as well as mediation, meetings, support circles, and these alternatives can be an appropriate substitute for litigation to prevent the repetition of juvenile criminal behavior and to ensure social security.